Geology And Cinema Quiz Three

Front 1

A fault is simply a crack in a rock?

Back 1

false

Front 2

A fault that cuts both a fold and an igneous intrusion proves the intrusion is older than the fold?

Back 2

false

Front 3

About how large was the largest recorded earthquake?

Back 3

9.5

Front 4

About how many years old did Bishop Ussher believe the Earth to be?

Back 4

6,000

Front 5

Aerobic bacteria appear in the geologic record more than 1 billion years ago?

Back 5

True

Front 6

An eroded syncline has the oldest rocks outcropping near the fold axis?

Back 6

False

Front 7

Carbon 14 would be a good method to assign ages to fossil organisms from the Cambrian?

Back 7

False

Front 8

Dip is measured in degrees east of north?

Back 8

False

Front 9

Ductile deformation is common in the deep crust and mantle?

Back 9

True

Front 10

Faults are expressions of brittle deformation?

Back 10

True

Front 11

From longest to shortest, order the divisions of geologic time:

Back 11

eon, era, period, epoch

Front 12

Hominids and dinosauria overlapped in time?

Back 12

False

Front 13

you drill horizontally far enough through a hanging wall in both directions, you will reach the footwall (along one of the two directions)?

Back 13

True

Front 14

In a normal fault, the hanging wall moves up relative to the foot wall?

Back 14

False

Front 15

In which rock types would you be most likely to find a fossil?

Back 15

Sedimentary

Front 16

In which tectonic setting would you most expect normal faulting?

Back 16

Divergent Boundary

Front 17

Insects predate mammals?

Back 17

True

Front 18

Justin is likely to ask questions about reverse and strike-slip faults, not just normal faults?

Back 18

True

Front 19

Lord Kelvin thought the Earth was relatively young based on?

Back 19

Heat Flow

Front 20

Meteorites were used to estimate the age of the Earth using cross-cutting relationships?

Back 20

False

Front 21

Motion of fault blocks is parallel to the fault?

Back 21

True

Front 22

Mountains are anticlines and valleys are synclines?

Back 22

False

Front 23

Normal faults are the product of which type of stress?

Back 23

Tension

Front 24

Normal faults result in horizontal?

Back 24

Extension

Front 25

Organisms with hard parts became common in the Archean

Back 25

False

Front 26

Oxygen in the atmosphere has been pretty much constant throughout Earth's history?

Back 26

False

Front 27

Prokaryotes appeared before eukaryotes?

Back 27

True

Front 28

Rocks above the brittle-ductile transition are more likely to behave?

Back 28

in a brittle fashion

Front 29

Slickensides are evidence of fault motion?

Back 29

True

Front 30

The amplitude of ground motion of a magnitude 6 earthquake is how large compared to a magnitude 5?

Back 30

ten times larger

Front 31

The Cambrian explosion refers to a massive meteorite impact?

Back 31

False

Front 32

The diversity and number of species and genera on Earth has been continuously and steadily increasing through the last 500 Ma?

Back 32

False

Front 33

The largest mass extinction that we know of was the KT boundary?

Back 33

False

Front 34

The limbs dip away from the axis of which kind of fold?

Back 34

Anticline

Front 35

The radiometric age (age estimated by dating using radioactive isotopes) of a rock isn't affected by metamorphism?

Back 35

False

Front 36

The Richter scale is a measure of earthquake damage?

Back 36

False

Front 37

Two isotopes of the same element differ in the number of?

Back 37

Neutrons

Front 38

What are stromatolites?

Back 38

Layered structures formed in shallow waters that often contain fossils.

Front 39

What is an unconformity?

Back 39

evidence of missing time in the rock record

Front 40

What is the approximate depth of the brittle-ductile transition?

Back 40

10 km

Front 41

What is the final daughter product of Uranium decay?

Back 41

Lead

Front 42

What is the half-life of a radioactive isotope?

Back 42

the time it takes for half of the original amount to decay

Front 43

When did fish first appear in the fossil record?

Back 43

Ordovician

Front 44

What are the types of stress?

Back 44

Tension, shear, compression

Front 45

What settings are likely to be a good key bed?

Back 45

An ash deposit or a layers of tektites.

Front 46

What makes ductile deformation LESS likely?

Back 46

Increasing strain rate

Front 47

Which type of unconformity is the erosional surface between parallel sets of sedimentary strata?

Back 47

Disconformity

Front 48

What is stress?

Back 48

Force perunit area

Front 49

What happens in ductile deformation?

Back 49

It deforms without breaks, like putty.

Front 50

What happens with brittle deformation?

Back 50

It breaks into pieces, like glass.

Front 51

How does strength react in brittle and ductile deformation?

Back 51

Brittle: Strength increases with confining pressure. Ductile: Strength decreases with temperature.

Front 52

What is a strike?

Back 52

Compass bearing of any horizontal line in the plane

Front 53

What is a dip?

Back 53

The angle between the horizon and the steepest slope on a plane.

Front 54

What is a fault?

Back 54

A fracture in rock along which sliding has occurred.

Front 55

What is the block above the fault plain?

Back 55

Hanging wall.

Front 56

What is the block below the fault plan?

Back 56

Foot wall.

Front 57

What happens in a normal fault?

Back 57

The handing wall drops relative to footwall.

Front 58

What happens in a reverse fault?

Back 58

Hanging wall rises relative to footwall.

Front 59

What happens in a strike-slip fault?

Back 59

Motion is horizontal and parallel to fault strike.

Front 60

What are three ways to determine fault motion?

Back 60

Offset, drag folds, slickensides

Front 61

What is stratigraphy?

Back 61

The study of geologic strata, usually sedimentary strata, and their correlation in time and space.

Front 62

What is disconformity?

Back 62

An unconformity due to an erosional surface separating adjacent strata.

Front 63

What is nonconformity?

Back 63

An unconformity due to younger sedimentary rocks overlying igneous or metamorphic rocks.

Front 64

What is angular Unconformity?

Back 64

An unconformity due to younger beds deposited atop and truncated tilted for folded strata.

Front 65

What's the mnemonic for geologic time?

Back 65

Come over some day, maybe play poker. Three jacks cover two queens.

Front 66

How old is earth?

Back 66

Roughly 4.5 billion years old

Front 67

What age did hard parts begin showing in fossil record?

Back 67

Cambrian age

Front 68

What organisms existed in teh ordovician/silurian period?

Back 68

fish, plants, insects, marine colony

Front 69

What organisms appeared in the devonian/carboniferous period?

Back 69

Amphibians, seed plants, bony fish, reptiles.

Front 70

What happened int eh end-permian period?

Back 70

Mass extinction

Front 71

What appeared in the mesozoic period?

Back 71

Dinosaurs, mammals, crinoids, ginkgos

Front 72

What is the K-T?

Back 72

Mass extinction resulting in the end of dinosaurs.

Front 73

What appears in the cenozoic period?

Back 73

Mammals and people.