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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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There are 100 of these, 92 are naturally occurring in nature. |
What are elements? |
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known as the study of minerals. |
What is mineralogy? |
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These first minerals were the first mined and were used to create weapons. |
What is flint & chert? |
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Except for pearls, they are inorganic while naturally occurring. |
What are minerals? |
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They are always solid and possess an orderly crystalline structure. |
What are minerals? |
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They have a definite chemical composition that allows for some variation. |
What are minerals? |
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It is a solid mass of mineral and mineral like matter. |
What are rocks? |
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All matter is comprised of this |
What are atoms? |
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they are located inside the nucleus, the brain of the atom. |
What are Protons and Neutrons? |
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This surrounds the nucleus, in a cloud which is named after itself. |
What are Electrons? |
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They have a positive charge. |
What are protons? |
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They have no charge |
What are neutrons? |
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They have a negative charge |
What are electrons? |
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They each have a set of principal shells with an energy level. |
What is electron cloud? |
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These electrons are on the outermost shell of the atom, and they interact with other atoms to form chemical bonds. |
What are valence electrons? |
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Another name for protons within the nucleus |
What is the atomic number? |
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This sole information determines the chemical nature of an element. |
What are the amount of protons? |
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They don't react to anything, giving them a sense of majesty. |
What are noble gases? |
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Atoms bond or react under these conditions. |
What is temperature? What is pressure? |
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This nonmetal gas is the only one with only one valence electrons |
What is hydrogen? |
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These 4 elements have only one valence electron. |
What are Hydrogen, Lithium, Sodium, and Potassium? |
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These are the noble gases. |
What are Helium, Neon, Argon, and Krypton? |
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These 4 optical properties are used to determine an element. |
What is luster, ability to transmit light, color, and streak? |
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It means appearance reflected from the surface. |
What is luster? |
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When no light or image is able to be transmitted. |
What is opaque? |
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When light but no image is able to be transmitted. |
What is translucent? |
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When light and an image is able to be transmitted. |
What is transparent? |
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This is a minerals resistance to to break or deform. |
What is tenacity? |
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Your fingernail can break these. |
What are Gypsum and Talc? |
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A copper penny can break these. |
What is Calcite, Gypsum, and Talc? |
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A wire nail can break these |
What is Fluorite, Calcite, Gypsum, and Talc? |
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Glass or Knive Blades can break these. |
What are Apatite, Fluorite, Calcite, Gypsum, and Talc? |
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Streak Plates can break these. |
What are Orthoclade, Apatite Fluorite, Calcite, Gypsum, and Talc? |
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It has a Moh Scale of One and can be affected by a fingernail. |
What is Talc? |
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It has a Moh Scale of Two and can be affected by a fingernail. |
What is Gypsum? |
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It has a Moh Scale of Three and can be affected by a copper penny or weak acid. |
What is Calcite? |
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It has a Moh Scale of Four and can be affected by a wire nail. |
What is Fluorite? |
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It has a Moh Scale of Five and can be affected by a glass or knife blade. |
What is Apatite? |
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It has a Moh Scale of Six and can be affected by a Streak Plate. |
What is Orthoclade? |
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It has a Moh Scale of Seven. |
What is Quartz? |
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It has a Moh scale of Eight. |
What is Topaz? |
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It has a Moh Scale of Nine. |
What is Corundum? |
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It has a Moh Scale of Ten. |
What is Diamond? |
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The tendency of a mineral to break along planes of weak bonding. |
What is Cleavage? |
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46.6% makes it the most abundant of the rock forming minerals on Earth. |
What is oxygen? |
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27.7% makes it the second most abundant of the rock forming minerals on Earth. |
What is silicon? |
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This rock forming mineral make up 50% of the silicates in the Earth's Crust |
What is feldspar? |
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Feldspars, quartz, muscovite, and clay minerals are special in a certain way. |
What are the most common silicates? |
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These minerals contain iron and magnesium. |
What are dark silicate minerals? |
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This rock is abundant in the upper mantle. |
What is olivine? |
