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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The sudy and process of classiying the diversity of life
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Systematics
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any named group of organisms
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Taxa
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Name the hierarchy in order
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Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
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many organisms share similarties in form because they share life styles not because of a common ancestor
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homoplasy
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artificial taxa that are supposed to represent some level of evolutionary progress or degree of adaptation
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Grades
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a classification scheme based stricly upon the shared ancestory of the organisms
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cladisitcs
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a natural taxon
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clade
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a diagram used to show the evolutionary relationships between groups
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Cladogram
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groups at the tip of the branches of a cladogram
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terminal taxa
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a group made up of an ancestor and all of its descendents
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monophyletic group
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repesents an evolutionary split between lineages leading to each terminal taxon
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Node
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clads that share a most recent ancestor
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sister taxa
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a heritable trait
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charcter
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an ancestral character
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plesiomorphy
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a derived new charcter
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apomorphy
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a shared derived charcter found in two or more taxa on the cladogram
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synapomorphy
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a derived charcter that is unique found in only one taxon in the cladogram
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autapomorphy
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shows unresolved relationships between taxa on a cladogram
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polytomy
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features seen in two or more organims
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homology
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group of taxa tha includes an ancestor and some nut not all its desendants
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paraphyletic groups
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a group of taxa that excludes the common ancestor of the taxa within it and places the that ancestor in another taxon
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polyphyletic group
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practice of naming organisms and groups of organisms
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Taxonomy
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