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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
The sudy and process of classiying the diversity of life
Systematics
any named group of organisms
Taxa
Name the hierarchy in order
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
many organisms share similarties in form because they share life styles not because of a common ancestor
homoplasy
artificial taxa that are supposed to represent some level of evolutionary progress or degree of adaptation
Grades
a classification scheme based stricly upon the shared ancestory of the organisms
cladisitcs
a natural taxon
clade
a diagram used to show the evolutionary relationships between groups
Cladogram
groups at the tip of the branches of a cladogram
terminal taxa
a group made up of an ancestor and all of its descendents
monophyletic group
repesents an evolutionary split between lineages leading to each terminal taxon
Node
clads that share a most recent ancestor
sister taxa
a heritable trait
charcter
an ancestral character
plesiomorphy
a derived new charcter
apomorphy
a shared derived charcter found in two or more taxa on the cladogram
synapomorphy
a derived charcter that is unique found in only one taxon in the cladogram
autapomorphy
shows unresolved relationships between taxa on a cladogram
polytomy
features seen in two or more organims
homology
group of taxa tha includes an ancestor and some nut not all its desendants
paraphyletic groups
a group of taxa that excludes the common ancestor of the taxa within it and places the that ancestor in another taxon
polyphyletic group
practice of naming organisms and groups of organisms
Taxonomy