• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/63

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

63 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Creative Destruction
the withdrawal of investments from activities (and regions) that yielld low rates profit in order to reinvest in new activities (and new places)
Debt Trap
syndrome of always having to borrow in order to fund development
Deindustrialization
a relative decline in industrial employment in core regions
Dependency
high level of reliance by a country on foreign enterprises, investment, or technology
Ecological Footprint
a measure of the human pressures on the natural environment from the consumption of renewable resources and the production of pollution indicating how much space a population needs compared to what is available
Export Processing Zones
small areas with in which especially favorable investment and trading conditions are created by governments in order to attract export oriented industries
Fordism
principles for mass production based on assembly-line techniques, scientific management, mass consumption based on higher wages, and sophisticated advertising techniques
Foreign Direct Investment
the total of overseas business investments made by private companies
GDP/GNI
gross domestic product: an estimate of the total value of all materials, food stuffs, goods, and services produced by a country in a particular year
gross national income: similar to GDP, but also includes the value of income from abroad
Import Substitution
the process by which domestic producers provide goods or services that formerly were bought from foreign producers
Inflation
the increase of printed currency that leas to higher prices and international financial differences
International Division of Labor
the specialization, by countries, in particular products for export
Neo-Fordism
economic principles in which the logic of mass production coupled with mass consumption is modified by the addition of more flexible introduction, distribution and marketing systems
Newly Industrialized Countries
countries formerly peripheral with in the world system that have acquired a significant industrial sector, usually through foreign direct investment
Quatemary Activities
economic activities that deal with the handling and processing of knowledge and information
Sustainable Development
a vision of development that seeks a balance among economic growth, environmental impacts, and social equity
Terms of Trade
the ratio of prices at which exports and imports are exchanged
Transnational Corporations
companies with investments and activities that span international boundaries and with subsidiary companies, factories, offices, or facilities in several countries
World Cities
a city in which a disproportionate part of the world's most important business is conducted
100 Mile Diet
only eating food with in a 100 mile radius of where you live; this an exercise more in awareness and to see what is grown locally
Food Desert
places in urban areas where individuals don't have access to healthy food options; this is dangerous because it could lead to serious illness and even death
4/5 children in Athens-Clarke county are qualified for federal assistance to have lunch cause they don't have the money
PLACE
promoting local agricultural and local experience
Agrarian
referring to the culture of agricultural communities and the type of tenure system that determines access to land and the kind of cultivation practices employed there
Agricultural Industrialization
process whereby the farm has moved from being the centerpiece of agricultural production to become one part of an integrated string of vertically organized industrial processes including production, storage, processing, distribution, marketing and retailing
Biotechnology
technique that uses living organisms (or parts of organisms) to make or modify products to improve plants and animals or to develop microorganisms for specific uses
Commercial Agriculture
farming for primarily sale, not direct consumption
Famine
acute starvation associated with a sharp increase in mortality
Food Chain
five central and connected sectors (inputs, production, product, processing, distribution, and consumption) with four contextual elements acting as external mediating forces (the state, international trade, the physical environment, and credit and finance
Food Regime
a specific set of links that exists among food production and consumption and capital investment and accumulation opportunities
Food Security
a person, household, or even a country has assured access to enough food at all times to ensure active and healthy lives
Land Reform
the redistribution of land by the state with a goal of increasing productivity and reducing social unrest
Under-nutrition
inadequate intake of one or more nutrients and/or calories
Decolonization
the acquisition, by colonized peoples of control over their own territories
Democratic Rule
a system in which public policies and officials are directly chosen by popular vote
International Organization
group that includes two or more states seeking political and/or economic cooperation with each other
Intifada
uprising against Israel by the Palestinian people
Nation
a group of people often sharing common elements of culture, such as religion or language or a history or political identity
Nation-State
an ideal form consisting of a homogeneous group of people governed by their own state
Nationalism
the feeling of belonging to a nation as well as the belief that a nation has a natural right to determine its own affairs
New World Order
the triumph of capitalism over communism, wherein the United States becomes the world's only superpower and therefore its policing force
Self Determination
the right of a group with a distinctive politics-territorial identity to determine its own destiny, at least in part, through the control of its own territory
Sovereignty
the exercise of a state power over people and territory, recognized by other states and codified by international law
Supranational Organization
the collections of individual states with a common goal that may be economic and/ or political in nature, such organizations diminish, to some extent, individual state sovereignty in favor of the group interests of the membership
Territory
the delimited area over which a state exercises control and which is recognized by other states
Cosmopolitanism
an intellectual and aesthetic openness toward divergent experiences, images, and products from different cultures
Landscape as Text
the idea that landscapes can be read and written by groups and individuals
Modernity
a forward-looking view of the world that emphasizes reason, scientific rationality, creativity, novelty, and progress
Postmodernity
a view of the world that emphasizes an openness to a range of perspectives in social inquiry, artistic expression, and political empowerment
Sacred Spaces
an area recognized by individuals or groups as worthy of special attention as a site of special religious experiences or events
Territoriality
the specific attachment of individuals or peoples to a specific location of territory
1652
dutch founded a settlement in Capetown
1806
British take over Capetown by defeating the Dutch
1867
diamonds are discovered in Afrikaner's land
1886
Gold is discovered in Johannesburg
1899-1902
the Boer war; British won
1910
British and Afrikaners unite to create the Union of South Africa
1912
African National Congress is formed
1913
Native lands Act is passed; prohibited purchase of land by black individuals outside of their homeland
1948
the National party took control of South Africa under the platform of apartheid
1960
boycott of the pass laws in Sharpville
June 16, 1976
Soweto massacre; apartheid declared a crime against humanity
1994
Nelson Mandela wins the presidency, end of apartheid
September 10, 2001
UN global conference against racism held in Durban South Africa; united in ending colonialism and demanded reparations
By 2004, people were saying their economic power had deteriorated since the demise of apartheid, some preferred the days of apartheid