Geography Final Ou

Front 1

Travel along a straight-line from Marquette, MI to Toledo, OH and ending at Wilminton, NC. Describe the topography you would encounter from one end to the other of this route. Do not describe the climate shifts, vegetation, or human activities… Just the terrain and streams. Be sure to use the place names you learned in class. (e.g., Niagara Escarpment)

Back 1

First one would travel down, or more pricely swim across the Great Lake Michigan after crossing the Niagara Enscarpment. Once on the other side they would encounter the tranverse bay passing through vast amounts of lakes left behind due to glacial till. Once towards the southern end of michigan one will come real close to Detroit before crossing into Ohio at Toledo which lies on The Great Lake eerie. They would then pass through the ohio valley arriving in Columbus passing the ohio river before reaching west virginia moving south reaching the appalachian plateau and ridge valley section of west virginia. One then arrives through virginia through delicate land until reaching the mountainous southern region and passing through Fayetteville and finally reaching wilmington on the coast of the atlantic ocean.

Front 2

Hydro-engineering projects and water issues in general were featured again in the second half of the course, as well as the first half. Identify two such projects or issues covered since the first exam, describe their locations clearly (Not just what state they are in), explain their purposes, and tell what their impact has been.

Back 2

Artificial levees in tennessee for flooding of mississippi valley, TVA,
Missouri, reclamation bureau, water removal from area and build more dams in missouri basin for usable land and controlled flooding.

Front 3

Name and identify the location of the three interior low plateaus influenced by the Cincinnati Arch. Then, list just one significant historical or contemporary land-us in each place.

Back 3

Illinois Basin, Nashville basin, middle mississippi valley
Easy Coal Access and low cost transport through ohio river, served as good plantation area, midcontinent access point for steamboats then eventually artificial levee development.

Front 4

Name the 4 divisions of the Southern Appalachians and identify just on significant contemporary or historical human use of each division.

Back 4

TN Valley, Great Valley, Smoky Mountains, Deleware valley
TVA , fertile soils productivity, recreational developments homes, etc, produced wheat and corn

Front 5

Minneapolis

Back 5

grew due to St. Anthony falls where the falls were used for milling and timber.

Front 6

St. Paul

Back 6

Originate as river town; an early outpost of the mississippi river

Front 7

Madison

Back 7

between mississippi basin and lake michigan. originate because land judge decided to settle here.

Front 8

Gary

Back 8

Established as a consequence of the steel industry expansion. became indianas steel town.

Front 9

Minneapolis

Back 9

grew due to St. Anthony falls where the falls were used for milling and timber.

Front 10

St. Paul

Back 10

Originate as river town; an early outpost of the mississippi river

Front 11

Madison

Back 11

between mississippi basin and lake michigan. originate because land judge decided to settle here.

Front 12

Gary

Back 12

Established as a consequence of the steel industry expansion. became indianas steel town.

Front 13

Detroit

Back 13

Founded in 1700’s as a fur trade post. later became heavy in manufacturing primarily due to the auto industries to movie in.

Front 14

Toledo

Back 14

A port town established for corn and soy beans

Front 15

Cleveland

Back 15

established as a breakbulk shipping center

Front 16

Pittsburg

Back 16

established as a fur trading post then later took off a major manufacturer.

Front 17

Cincinnati

Back 17

trade corridor established due to its location on the ohio river and trade with southern states.

Front 18

St. Louis

Back 18

French settled here early and was originally a rivertown and had a reasonable port

Front 19

Chicago

Back 19

primarily a meat pack hub. then became the major transport for agricultural products when railroad was created as part of the cornbelt. and was a major industrial center

Front 20

Indianapolis

Back 20

established dead center to indiana. with no significant water ways it was a railroad intersection point

Front 21

Des Moines

Back 21

Was established as a fort town to control the indians

Front 22

Memphis

Back 22

major trade center in low land south established on mississippi with proximity to cotton production cities

Front 23

Mobile

Back 23

port for the gulf coast because of its safe location

Front 24

Biloxi

Back 24

port town originally ran by the french

Front 25

Little Rock

Back 25

established due to its gateway to south west linking texas with st.louis. Trading center and post center.

Front 26

New Orleans

Back 26

principle occupancy of french in south. grew in 19th century due to river boating trade after most of the swamps were drained and levees created

Front 27

Atlanta

Back 27

chosen for proximity to railroads. major metropolis

Front 28

Savannah

Back 28

established for cotton production and later became major processing and shipping center

Front 29

Charleston. SC

Back 29

major marketing center. capital of slave trade

Front 30

The Hampton Roads

Back 30

ship docking center

Front 31

Richmond

Back 31

furthest point inland due to fall line. settlement naturally was established here

Front 32

Fayetteville

Back 32

established for general Lafayette

Front 33

Wilmington. NC

Back 33

established as a trading post and early fort town

Front 34

Durham

Back 34

major manufacturing city for cigarette tobacco

Front 35

Winston

Back 35

old salem manufacturing town turned into major manufacturing city for cigarette tobacco

Front 36

Columbia

Back 36

established as major water

Front 37

Columbus

Back 37

established as a major water

Front 38

Jacksonville. FL

Back 38

ocean port and manufacturing city for paper. chemicals. etc. Major metropolis

Front 39

Miami

Back 39

Railroad eventually stretched in miami becoming a quick tourist location and metropolis

Front 40

Tampa

Back 40

military port that also played a important commercial oceanic role

Front 41

Orlando

Back 41

extensive development due to citrus production and manufacturing. later boomed due to Disney world.

Front 42

Birmingham

Back 42

built as a major economic center due to its iron and steel production

Front 43

Knoxville

Back 43

began as a major textile center

Front 44

Chattanooga

Back 44

product of gap in the appalachians for export. but also a major milling town.

Front 45

Nashville

Back 45

only city on cumberland dominated trade. establish by a company from north carolina

Front 46

Lexington. KY

Back 46

established as a major manufacturing center

Front 47

Louisville

Back 47

steamboat center. established on ohio river eventually rose to a greater manufacturing center then lexington

Front 48

Springfield. MO

Back 48

established a trading post for cato. during the trail of tears

Front 49

Tulsa

Back 49

established as a creek town

Front 50

New York City

Back 50

major megatropolis developed due to its location as a large natural harbor and was heavily populated through immigration through time and is the business capital of the US

Front 51

Philadelphia

Back 51

point of productive farms due to rich soil. but was originally sought out due to it being high grounds around deleware. and its place as a good manufacturing center

Front 52

Baltimore

Back 52

large natural harbor originally a shipping town for tobacco. became major steamboat trader in the steamboat era

Front 53

Washington. DC

Back 53

established due to its location on a boundary point for the north and south. where our nations capital was established

Front 54

Albany. NY

Back 54

originally a military port. became later a trading port

Front 55

Buffalo

Back 55

established due to its location on the eerie canal and relation with products produced from the great lakes. ultimately a manufacturing hub

Front 56

Boston

Back 56

puritans established town on massuchusets bay and boston was the nucleus. economic capital early on

Front 57

Leeching

Back 57

moving minerals down through the soil due to excess rainfall producing poor soils this is common in the lowland south

Front 58

Value Added Manufacturing

Back 58

value added to cities that primarily are manufacturing with proximity to production such as chicago and pittsburg due to the lower great lakes production and steel manufacturing

Front 59

Political Buffer Zone

Back 59

a zone that seperates two areas of conflicting or hostile views within their population. Washington. DC acted as a political buffer zone for the north and south

Front 60

Break in Bulk point

Back 60

point where shipped goods or cargo is broken down into smaller containers to lower cost of transport. This was common in the port of new york where shipping was broken down and then marked by location. Also common in Detroit where automobiles were shipped as parts then reassembled at location

Front 61

Maquiladora

Back 61

a place where manufacturing can occur at low to no tariffs. This was common practice in the great lakes area with relation to automobile imports and exports.

Front 62

Scarp or Escarpment

Back 62

abrupt topographic break that sections off area due to faulting. such as the south boundary of the canadian shield.

Front 63

Agglomerative Economies

Back 63

economy of variety that is grouped together in one region. They are typically mutually beneficial. such as Detroit with it close relation to both automobile production and manufacturing

Front 64

Step Function

Back 64

often represented as a change through time like the decline of industrial usage from the mid 19th century to present that are directed towards large industrial centers such as chicago

Front 65

Milkshed

Back 65

a region that produces milk for a specific region such as St.Louis

Front 66

Glacial Till

Back 66

accumulation of sediment due to previous presence of large glaciation in region. Such as the surrounding areas of the great lakes in Michigan.

Front 67

Distributaries

Back 67

stream that branches off from main water source. This is common in the New Orleans are where one has accumulation of sediment off the river mouth within the delta region.

Front 68

Natural and Artificial Levees

Back 68

slope that regulates water levels from coast and/or ocean. This is common in New Orleans where artificial levees have been built to control the mississippi flood plain and coastal flood plain.

Front 69

The Fall Line

Back 69

a serie of waterfalls and rapids that restricts shipment and transport. but can often promote hydropower. Richmond was established due to it being the furthest location on the fall line.

Front 70

Tenant Farming

Back 70

farming land you do not own. Labor was often accomplished in this manor and drove large production of cotton early on in the southern region.

Front 71

Sharecropping

Back 71

pay rent for ability to use land for crop. One does not own land and this replaced slave labor.

Front 72

Sinkholes

Back 72

geological feature caused where land sinks down often due to underlying limestone and drainage from enscarpments. Pennroyal Plateau is often a good example with its effects on farming located in kentucky.

Front 73

Destination tourism

Back 73

Tourism based upon popularity. Places that are metropolisis or megalopolis rely often on destination tourism as part of their economy. Orlando is a good example of this with Disney world residing their currently.

Front 74

Mixed Crop Livestock farming

Back 74

mixed farming that occurs to maintain economy in areas that are not geologically stable to maintain on a regular basis like early springfield missouri

Front 75

Megalopolis

Back 75

area of large population density with urban spraw. New York City is a prime example of a megalopolis and therefor is culturally diverse and the epicenter for business.

Front 76

Company town

Back 76

towns that are owned and operated by large company. often coal or mining. where they pay their employees with credit. Close to butte montana anaconda was one of these towns.

Front 77

A federal district

Back 77

area that has no local or state branch of government. but is souley related to the federal government. such as Washington. DC.

Front 78

Estuary

Back 78

partly enclosed body of water with one or more streams flowing in it. Deleware bay is a good example of this. which allowed the area to prosper as a shipment port.