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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What tectonic plates influence the geomorphogoly of Latin America?
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Nazca Plate, Cocos plate, Pacific PLate/ on eastern side: caribbean plate and sourth america plate
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Lake Nicaragua and Rio San Juan are products of land process?
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divergent rift valley
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The greater Antilles are part of what central american landform?
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old antilla
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What are the four landforms of central america?
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central american volcanic axis
old antillia narrow pacific plain caribbean coastline |
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The lesser antilles are what kind of zone?
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subduction volcanic
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of the lesser antilles, how does the inner compare to the outer?
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inner: active, more lush and mtnous
outer: extinct, dry and lower |
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What three cold ocean currents effect latin america's tempature?
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California current- NW desert
Peru current- atacama desert Falkland current- patagonia |
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how are ocean currents, pressure systems,and temp/preciptation related?
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winds move from high pressure to low, lower pressure at the center and mroe as move away
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what is the ITCZ?
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intertropical convergence zone of low pressure- no prevailing winds
(8 degress north and south of equator) |
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Three factors impacting precipitation on Latin America?
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continentiality, prevailing winds, atmospheric pressure belts
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What Hurricane devastated Central America in 1998 after el nino's drought and deforestation helped
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hurricane mitch
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in class, professor said :Where in Jamaica was source of community based tourism
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Treasure BEach
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the amazon has how much of the world's fresh water supply? how much of world species?
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20%//// 50%
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what are three landforms of the Amazon?
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1. Vazea (flooded areas next to rivers)
2.Terra firme above ver (poor soils) nutriets in vegetation 3. tropical savannas- cerrado (drier, fires) |
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What landform area of amazon has rich sediment?
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varzea
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what foreign power in lesser antilles?
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first british and french, then danes and dutch
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what were richest colonies in world?
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barbadoas, jamaica, and haiti
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What explorer was first to see pacific?
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balboa
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First explorer to mexico and honduras? what explorer went up into US SW?
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cortes/// coronado
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What explorer linked to andes and peru? To argentina?
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Pizarro///Mendoza
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How much of central america has been deforested? Amazon?
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70 %/ 20 %
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Agrovilas and agropolis are associated with what?
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Brazil's 1964 structured settlement- stations providing goods/services
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What is the trend in deforestion in Brazil?
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decline due to decline in commodity prices and govt programs
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Garimpeiros?
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independent miners (for gold in amazon)
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name of warriors/nomads of northern mexico that aztecs may have come form?
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Chichimiecs
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What early indigenous group had concept of zero, writing, calendar, ballgame, 1200 AD-400AD?
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olmecs
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Which group built of olmec ideas, live in yucatan peninsula and remain today?
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mayans
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Which indigenous group came form north in 1325 AD, within 75 years dominated valley of mexico, had unhappy tribute states?
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Aztecs
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What was Tenochtitlan? What group associated with?
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island city of Lake Texaco, Aztecs, with chinampas
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What were Chinampas?
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floating agricultural mats anchored by trees on lake around Tenochitlan (aztecs)
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What was the land bridge between Central and south america? What cultural group tied to this meshing?
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Honduras (ca- seed agriculture vs south- root cultivators)
Lenca |
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What indigenous group from 1200-1531 AD conquered groups yet assimilated them, and also had highly ordered "families"?
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Incas of Peru
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What was Waru waru agriculture?
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mounds/canal alternation of altiplano, terracing of Incas
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The three indigenous groups of caribbean?
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Ciboney- Arawak(greater antilles)- Carib (lesser Antilles)
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Three roman influences on iberia
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Roman catholic church, latifundio (land grants), primogeniture (oldest son inherits)
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Spain's policy in Greater antilles?
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trade restricted, 2 flotas fr transport
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Where was settlement pattern of central america?
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-gold and mining in honduras
- british on Carib coast (with slaves) -Spanish focused on highlands and PAcific (transportation issues) |
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Settlement pattern of South america:
Andes Argentina Brazil |
Andes- haciendas in hihglands
Arg: isolated, resistance Br:sugar, gold, cattle, |
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How many of indigenous lost? largest number loss?
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95%, most in highlands
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type of labor systems:
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encomienda (to entrust)/reducciones, repartimento/mita,
debt peonage |
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Difference between French/British and Spanish/Portugese slave codes?
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F/B- no rights
S/P- have souls, and rights, and granted freedom (manumission) |
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Maroon Societies?
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escaped slave- palmares republic in brazil
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Asians as indentured servants;
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chinese to peru
japanese to chile/brazil javanese to guyana |
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Zambo?
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native american and african american
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Indigenismo and negritude
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promotion of culture
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three mexican revolutionary muralists
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orozco, rivera, siqueiros
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what was holy inquisition?
Royal patronage? |
cleanse the church of jewish/islamic influence, gave crown authority to appoint clergy (politicized the church)
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Church of Santo Domingo was built on top of what important temple?
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Temple of sun
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what christ figures evokes largest pilgrimmage?
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guatemala- "black christ" of esquipulas
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What is anticlericalism?
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cynicism against rich priests, didnt allow non whites in clergy, therefore shorthanded
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By the end of the colonial period, the church owned how much of LA capital?
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2/3rds
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types of catholicism:
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formal (10-20%)-rich, UC
Nominal (60-70%) MC and LC Folk catholicism |
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Liberal theology is absed upon
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poverty as a result of structure rather than individual, sinful of rich to oppress poor, need to reform class structure
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What are Marranos? where did end up?
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chritianized jews- argentina, brazil, mexico
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what is fastest growing religion in LA? why?
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protestentism (1 in 8), outlawed during colonialism
- appeal to rural and urban poor - charismatic - less expensive (volunteer_ - small community focus - local inclusion (99% pastors are native) |
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Neopotism?
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giving away jobs and appointments to relatives
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compadrazgo
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godparenthood, co parent usually someone higher
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personalismo
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to extend one's sphere of influence, expand contacts
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what is the modernism movement?
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address real life challenges faced by LA people
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religious syncretism; example
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mixing of native and european religions// white bearded god -quetzalcoatl
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Peninsulares vs crillos
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pem: spanish born Euros (held more power)
cri: amer born euro, discriminated against |
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Who attempted to create a Grand Colombia out of Venezuela, Col and Ecuador?
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Simon Bolivar
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Who got independence first?
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Haiti in 1804
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conservatives vs liberals
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con: status quo, natl govt, state/church
lib: anti status quo, state power, secular |
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Caudillo?
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a military dictator
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general political history
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1800: political turmoil with dictators, US involvement
1900: civil wars, dictators, US involvement 1990: turn toward democracy and today toward liberal left |
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Mexican ejidos?
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agrarian land reform
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William Walker a what and with what country?
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Nicaragua filibuster
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Pinochet from where?
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Chile
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What country has paid off the IMF and doing good?
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Brazil w/ Silva
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What is Viquies?
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an island used as navy bomb training
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Which county in latin America most corrupt?
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Haiti
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What are social races? how modify?
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related to lifestyle, change to urban or clothing to move up
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A group that shares a biological ancestor is?
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race
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Learned and shared behaviors are
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culture
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a group that shares cultural traits?
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ethnicity
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group that shares socio-economic standing?
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class
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Lake Titcaca is located in what landform region?
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the altiplano of alpine highlands
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