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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are waves? |
Oscillations of water's surface
wave base = λ ÷ 2 |
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Because waves approach the shoreline at an angle they generate _______________. |
Longshore currents |
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What are 2 processes of erosion by waves? |
Hydraulic action abrasion |
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What is a beach? |
deposit of unconsolidated sediment extending from low tide to a change in topography (such as: cliff, vegetation) |
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What are rip currents? |
narrow surface currents that flow in the same general direction as the approaching wave |
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The distance wind blows over a continuous water surface is known as ______________. |
fetch |
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What are tides? |
fluctuations in oceans surface high tides = flood low tides = ebb
Spring tides are 20% higher than sea level Neap tides are 20% lower than sea level |
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What causes waves? |
Landslides, earthquakes, wind (most common) |
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Large scale water circulation systems are called _______________. |
Gyres (ex: Gulf Stream) |
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What is the difference between "pelagic clay" and "ooze"? |
Clay is made of clay sized particles & is far from land
Ooze is made of organic materials (organism's shells) |
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What is upwelling? |
circulation from the depths of the ocean to the surface
Places where upwelling occurs contain 50% of all fish) |
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What is downwelling? |
circulation from the surface of the ocean to its depths |
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In 1 kg of ocean water, what percentage is substance? |
35-37 parts per thousand ← salinity (not just salt) |
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The oceans are most likely to get saltier if .... ? |
Runoffs from lakes & streams is increased |
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What is the photic zone? |
the area in the ocean 100-200 m below the surface where there is enough sunlight for photosynthesis
aphotic zone = too little sunlight |
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Spring tides result from ... ? |
Combined gravitational force if moon & sun (when the moon, earth, & sun are in alignment; New/Full moon) |
