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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Benjamin Franklin
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-embodies 7 characteristics of age of reason, large family, apprenticed to brother to be printer, ran away to phili and made it on his own
-wrote Poor Richard's Alamanac -only American to sign all 4 major documents -wrote Autobiography for son -13 virtues |
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virtues of benjamin franklin
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1.temperance
2.silence 3.order 4.resolution 5.frugality 6.industry 7.sincerity 8.justice 9.moderation 10.cleanliness 11.tranquility 12.chastity 13.humility |
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Thomas Paine
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-born in England
-wrote Common Sense to convince to break from Britain to convince americans to support revol. war -wrote crisis papers to raise spirits of soldiers during war/unite all americans in common cause -wrote Age of Reason (attack religion/reveal it) |
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Thomas Jefferson
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-master writer of serious rhetoric
-helped write DOI (social contract, attack king george, declare ind) -formal language -wrote Notes on State of VA (preparing slaves for freedom) -Letter to Ben. Rush (discusses his religious beliefs) |
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Federalist Papers
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-used to try to convince americans to (esp. citizens of ny) to ratify constitution
-written mainly by hamilton, madison, and jay -believed need for strong federal gov't |
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neoclassicsm
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-movement of 18th century, began in England and moved to America
-writers looked back to ancient times (greece and rome) for literary models (satire), poetry (formal), didatic (moral lesson) -artistic ideals, order, few words as possible, restrained emotion, logic -time of movement and progress |
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Olaudah Equiano
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-African American slave
-convert to Christianity -earned his freedom by making money to purchase it -captured by rival tribe and sold to slave traders -aka Gustavus Vassa -wrote narrative of his life -one of earliest captivity narratives |
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Phillis Wheatley
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-masters granted her freedom
-1st African American woman author and poet -died as result of abuse from husband and after childbirth -her work is example of neoclassical poetry -treated as another member of family/ given education |
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Philip Freneau
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-writes some of poetry for pleasure/entertain/neoclassical
-french heritage -attended princeton -2 types of poetry that he wrote political and nature -"father of American poetry" -his writings helped to stir up public opinion |
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William Bartram
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-grew up in age of science
-botanist -given a grant to give thorough description of flora and fauna of southeastern, us -wrote Travels... -shows 1st signs of romantic tempermant -uses more emotional than scientific terms |
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John and Abigail Adams
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-wrote letters to each other
-both very intelligent -she's outspoken -wrote to each other about major issues (women's educations, need to express love, hospitals, leaders of country) -formal letters/ wrote about historical incidences |
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Charles Brown
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-1st professional novelist
-died at young age from disease -wrote 6 novels (one being Edgar Huntly) -combo of Quaker background and used elements of gothicism -novels set in america -used strong female characters |
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Susanna Rowson
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-wrote Charlotte Temple (a historically impt novel)
-born in England, only child, mom died after childbirth, settled in new world -her husband actor/ she was breadwinner of family -wrote plays, novels, and textbooks (started a school for girls) -CT: cautionary novel, didactic work, know characters |
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Royall Tyler
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-born in Boston
-unsuccessful courtship of Abigail Adams -married/ state's attorney/ chief justice of VT -produced play The Contrast; May Day in Town; and The GA Spec: or Land in the Moon -didactic (teaches moral lesson) -Contrast: first successful comedy by an American |
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major shifts/ changes
(NKHRAGA) |
nature,knowledge,humanism,
acceptance, gov't, art |
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Deism
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belief in God, believed God creator of universe according to scientific principles, like a great clockmaker, best way to serve him was to use abilities given by God and do good for your fellow man
-did not believe in divinity of jesus christ |
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age of reason
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aka: revolutionary age, american enlightenment, neoclassical age
-mid 18th century -Ben Franklin epitomizes age -writers of this time search for literary independence |
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impt figures of age of reason
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ben franklin, voltaire, descartes, locke, isaac newton, calvin, rousseau
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