Evolution

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Evolution

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The process of change by which new species develop from preexisting species over time; at the genetic level, the process in which inherited characteristics within populations change over time; the process defined by Darwin as " descent with modification.

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Artificial selection

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The human practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired traits.

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Natural selection

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The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do; a theory to explain the mechanism of evolution.

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Adaptation

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The process of becoming adapted to an environment; an anatomical, physiological, or behavioral change that improves a population's ability to survive.

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Fossil

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The trace or remains of an arganism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock.

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Homologous

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Describes a character that is shared by a group of species because it is inherited from a common ancestor.

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Speciation

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The formation of new species as a result of evolution.

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Population genetics normal

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The study of the frequency and interaction of alleles and genes in populations.

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Distribution

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The relative arrangement of the members of a statistical population; usually shown in a graph.

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Genetic equilibrium

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A state in which the allele frequencies of a populations remain in the same ratios from one generations to the next.

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Reproductive isolation

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A state on which a particular set of populations can no longer interbreed to produce future generations of offspring.

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subspecies

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A taxonomic classification below species that groups organisms that live in different geographical areas, differ morphological from other populations of the species, but can interbreed with other populations of the species.

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Diverenge

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Splitting off of two species.

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Speciation

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The formation of new species as a result of evolution.

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Species

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A group of organism that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring so the level of classification below genus and above subspecies.

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Extinction

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The death of every member of a species.

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Genetic equilibrium

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A state in which the allele frequencies of a population remain in the same ration from one generation on the next.

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Gene Flow

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The movement of genes into or out of a population due to onterbreeding

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Gene Drift

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The random change in allele frequency in a population.

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Stabilizing Selection

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A type of natural selection in which the average form of a trait is favored and becomes more common.

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Disruptive Selection

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A type of natural selection in which two extreme forms of a trait are selected.