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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Allele |
A variant form of gene |
Different ones of these can result in different observable phenotypic traits. |
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Anaphase |
The forth phase in mitosis |
Seperates duplicated genetic material |
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Asexual Reproduction |
Reproduction that generates offspring genetically identical to the parent |
Only require one organism |
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Autosome |
A chromosome that is not an allosome |
A sexual chromosome |
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Cell Cycle |
Series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication |
Also know as cell division cycle |
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Cell Division |
Process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells |
Usually occurs in the larger part of the cell |
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Chromatin |
A complex of DNA and proteins that forms chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. |
High condensed |
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Incomplete Dominance |
A form of intermediate inheritance in which one alleles for a specific trait is not completely expressed over its paired allele |
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Mendel |
Discover Genetics using Pea Plants |
He was a monk |
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Cloning |
The process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals |
Identical |
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Co-Dominant |
Relating two different alleles that are fully expressed in a heterozygous individual |
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Citokinesis |
The physical process of cell division |
Divided cytoplasm into two cells |
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Embryo |
An unborn or unhatched offspring in the process of development. |
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Fertilization |
The fusion of gametes to initiate the development of a new individual organism |
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Homozygous |
Alternative forms of a given gene are called alleles, and they can be dominant or recessive |
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Interphase |
The phase of the cell cycle in which a typical cell spends most of its life |
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Metaphase |
The third phase of mitosis, the process that separates duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells |
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F2 Generation |
The second filial generation, which is comprised of offspring resulting from a cross of the members of F1 generation
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F1 Generation |
The first filial generation, which is comprised of offspring(s) resulting from a cross between strains of distinct genotypes |
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Gamete |
A mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote |
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Mutation |
A permanent alteration of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA or other genetic elements |
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Genotype |
That part (DNA sequence) of the genetic makeup of a cell, and therefore of an organism or individual, which determines a specific characteristic (phenotype) of that cell/organism/individual |
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Deletion Mutation |
A part of a chromosome or a sequence of DNA is lost during DNA replication |
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Guanine |
One of the 4 main nucleobases found the nucleic acids of DNA and RNA |
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Heterozygous |
Gene locus when its cells contain two different alleles of a gene |
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Meiosis |
A process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information |
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Monohybrid |
A cross in a mating between two individuals with different alleles at one genetic locus of interest |
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Dihybrid Cross |
A cross between two different lines (varieties, strains) that differ in two observed traits |
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Diploid |
A cell or organism that has paired chromosomes |
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DNA |
Molecule that carries most of the genetic information |
Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
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Mitosis |
A part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, and each set ends up in its own nucleus |
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DNA Fingerprinting |
A test to identify and evaluate the genetic information |
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DNA Polymerase |
The enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides |
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Dominant Gene |
Gene that produces the same phenotype whether or not it's alleles are identical |
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Electrophoresis |
A technique used in laboratories in order to separate macromolecules based on size |
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