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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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DNA replication is needed only for what?
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Cell Division
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The Cell only needs ____ for the products being made
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DNA
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Working Copy of a Gene
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RNA
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Work Floor of a cell
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Cytoplasm
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Differences between DNA and RNA
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Ribose instead of Deoxyribose
Uracil replaces Thymine Single stranded instead of double stranded |
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Carries genetic message to be translated into polypeptide
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mRNA (messenger)
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translator molecule
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tRNA
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structural component of ribosomes
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rRNA
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heterogeneous nuclear RNA
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hnRNA
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RNA is transcribed from....
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DNA
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If you want an RNA copy of DNA information then you have to use the ____ strand as a template
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Opposite
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Sense Strand
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contains information we want.
gene coding strand |
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Template Strand
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strand used
non coding strand nonsense strand |
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RNA is a perfect copy of the ..... strand
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Sense Strand
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Upstream
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towards 5 prime end of sense strand
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Special Sequences of bases
signal the start of a gene allow binding of RNA polymerase |
Promoters
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Prokaryotic Promoters
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10 bases and 35 bases upstream
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Eukaryotic Promoters
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–“TATA” box = -25 box
–“CAAT” box = -75 box |
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RNA Polymerase I
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transcribes rRNA
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RNA Polymerase II
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mRNA
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RNA Polymerase III
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tRNA
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Steps of Transcription
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Initiation
Elongation Termination |
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Initiation of Transcription
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Binding of RNA Polymerase
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Elongation of Transcription
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polymerization of RNA nucleotides - makes RNA chain
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Rho-independent of Termination in Prokaryotes
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Inverted repeat - series of Uracils
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RHO - dependent termination in prokaryotes
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rho factor - protein (type of helicase)
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Transcription termination in eukaryotes
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has a termination sequence signal
Nuclease cuts phosphodiester bond in RNA |
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Exons
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expressed sequences
coding portion |
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Introns
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intervening sequences
do not carry information for polypeptide need to be removed |
