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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF A GENE? |
1970-80 - sequence pattern 1990-2000 - gene is annotated entry in databanks a DNA segment that contributes to phenotype/function |
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WHAT IS THE CENTRAL DOGMA? |
DNA --> RNA --> Protein --> Cell function |
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WHAT ARE SOME COMPLICATIONS TO THE APPLICATION OF THE CENTRAL DOGMA? |
- alternative transcriptional events - alternate splicing events - pseudogenes - retrogenes - RNA editing |
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EXPLAIN DNA METHYLATION AND DEMETHYLATION |
- cytosine in CpG site can be methylated = switched OFF, repressed gene expression (in particular, methylation of promoters) - methyl groups are added by methyltransferases and removed by hydroxylases - methylation is faithfully maintained with DNA replication |
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EXPLAIN THE HISTONE CODE AND HISTONE MODIFICATION |
- histone tails can be modified by addition/removal of chemical groups (chemical modification is stably transmitted to daughter cells)
- be known is acetylation |
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EXPLAIN NON-CODING RNA |
- regulated gene expression at two points 1) promote mRNA degradation and inhibit translation 2) alter chromatin configuration e.g. X chromosome inactivation |
