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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Allels |
One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome |
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Homozygous |
Having identical pairs of genes for any given pair of hereditary characteristics |
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Heterozygous |
Refers to a pair of genes where one is dominant and one is recessive |
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Incomplete dominance |
A type of inheritance in which the phenotype of a heterozygote (Aa) is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two types of homozygotes (AA and aa) |
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Sex linked genes |
A gene located on a sex chromosome usually the X chromosome |
Color blindness |
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Codomiance |
A condition in which both alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed with neither one being dominant or recessive to the other |
Blood-types |
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Linked genes |
Genes located close enough together on a chromosome that they are usually inherited together (they travel with each other during Meiosis) |
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Pleiotropy |
When one gene influences multiple different traits |
1 gene multiple phenotypes |
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Polygenic trait |
A trait that's influenced by many different genes |
Multiple genes 1 phenotype |
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Epigenetics |
Heritable changes in gene expression (active vs. inactive genes) that dosent involve changes to the underlying DNA sequence. A change in the phenotype without a change in genotype |
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Trait |
Heritable feature that varies among individuals within a population |
Character Flower color in pea plants Eye color |
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Variant |
A character found within a population |
Character state Purple flowers in pea plants Blue eyes in people |
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Pedigree |
Useful tool to document a trait of interest across multiple generations of family members |
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Backcrossing |
Crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual genetically similar to its parent in order to achieve offspring with a genetic identity which is closer to that of the parent |
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Phenotype |
The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment |
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Genotype |
The genetic makeup of an organism or group of organisms with references to traits |
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