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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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dominant trait |
genetic factor thatblocks another genetic factor |
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egg |
haploid sex cell formed in thefemale reproductive organ |
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genetics |
study of how traits arepassed from parents to offspring |
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heredity |
passing of traits fromparents to offspring |
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hybrid |
offspring of two plants oranimals with different forms of thesame trait |
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recessive trait |
genetic factor that isblocked by the presence of adominant factor |
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sperm |
haploid sex cell formed inthe male reproductive organs |
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allele |
different form of a gene |
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codominance |
occurs when bothalleles can be observed in theoffspring’s phenotype |
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conclude |
to reach a logically necessaryend by reasoning |
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gene |
section on a chromosome thathas genetic information for one trait |
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genotype |
two alleles that controlthe phenotype of a trait |
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heterozygous |
having two differentalleles of a gene |
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homozygous |
having the same twoalleles of a gene |
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incomplete dominance |
occurs whenthe offspring’s phenotype is ablend of the parents’ phenotypes |
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phenotype |
how a trait appears oris expressed |
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polygenic inheritance |
occurs whenmultiple genes determine thephenotype of a trait |
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Punnett square |
model used topredict possible genotypes andphenotypes of offspring |
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DNA |
organism’s genetic material |
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mutation |
change in the nucleotidesequence of a gene |
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nucleotide |
molecule made of anitrogen base, a sugar, and aphosphate group that forms thebasic structural unit of DNA |
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replication |
process of copying aDNA molecule to make anotherDNA molecule |
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RNA |
ribonucleic acid that carries thecode for making proteins |
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transcription |
process of makingmRNA from DNA |
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translation |
process of making aprotein from RNA |
