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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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allele
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an alternative form of a gene (169)
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anther
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the microsporangium of an angiosperm in which pollen grains are
produced (166) |
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codominance
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an inheritance relationship in which neither of two alleles of the
same gene totally masks the other (176) |
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cross-pollination
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a reproductive process in which pollen from one plant is
transferred to the stigma of another plant (166) |
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complete dominance
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an inheritance relationship in which one allele is
completely dominant over the other; both Bb and BB have the same phenotype (176) |
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dominant
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referring to an allele that masks the presence of another allele for the
same characteristic (168) |
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dihybrid cross
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a cross between individuals that involves the pairing of
contrasting traits (177) |
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F1 generation
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the offspring of cross-pollinated P1 generation plants (166)
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F1 generation
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the offspring of self-pollinated F1 generation plants
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genetics
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the field of biology devoted to understanding how traits are passed
from parents to offspring (164) |
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genotypic ratio
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the probable ratio of genotypes produced by a cross (175)
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genotype
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the genetic makeup of an organism (172)
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heredity
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the transmission of traits from parents to their offspring (165)
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heterozygous
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referring to a gene pair in which the two alleles do not code for
the same trait (173) |
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homozygous
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referring to a gene pair in which the two alleles code for the same
trait (173) |
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incomplete dominance
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an inheritance relationship that occurs when both
alleles influence the phenotype (176) |
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law of independent assortment
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law stating that pairs of genes separate
independently of one another in meiosis (168) |
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law of segregation
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law stating that pairs of genes separate in meiosis and each
gamete receives one gene of a pair (168) |
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molecular genetics
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the study of the structure and function of chromosomes
and genes (169) |
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monohybrid cross
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a cross between individuals that involves one pair of
contrasting traits (174) |
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P1
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a strain obtained through self-pollination (166)
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pollination
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the transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma of a flower of the
same species (166) |
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phenotype
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the external appearance of an organism that is determined by the
individual’s genotype (172) |
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phenotype frequency (phenotypic ratio)
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a ratio stating the number of times
a specific phenotype occurs in a population in a single generation (175 |
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probability
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the number of times an event is expected to happen divided by the
number of opportunities for an event to happen (173) |
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Punnett square
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a model used to establish the probabilities of the results of a
genetic cross (174) |
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pure
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ability to always pass on a specific trait to offspring (166)
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recessive
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referring to an allele that is masked by the presence of another allele
for the same characteristic (168) |
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self-pollination
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pollination involving the same flower, flowers on the same
plant, or two genetically identical plants (166) |
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stigma
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an expanded apex of a pistil, supported by the style; the part of the pistil
that receives pollen (166) |
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strain
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denotes a plant that is pure for a certain trait (166)
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homozygous recessive
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testcross the crossing of an individual of unknown genotype with a
individual to determine the unknown genotype (175) |
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trait
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in genetics, a category within which alternate characteristics, such as height
and eye color, can be observed (165 |
