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11 Cards in this Set

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Non-sense mutation

Produce a stop codon where there would otherwise not be one.

Missense mutation

Causes a change in the amino acid that is translated.

Environmental factors responsible for causing small scale mutations

Chemicals and/or radiation

Cellular error responsible for small scale mutations

Recombination errors

Phenotypic ratio of a dihybrid cross

9:3:3:1

Allele

Genetic variant if the same gene

Mendel's 1st law

Independent segregation.


During meiosis, half the gametes recieve one allele and the other half recieves the other allele of a given gene.

Mendel's 2nd law

Random assortment.


For any two genes (A and B), there is random assortment so that each gamete will arbitrarily recieve one allele of each (A or a and B or b)

Pleiotrophy

When one gene influences two or more seemingly unrelated traits

Epistasis

The effect of one gene being dependent on the presence of one or more other genes

Co-dominance

Where the heterozygote shows phenotypes of both homozygotes