General Viruses And Antivirals

Front 1

DNA viruses

Back 1

Hepadna, herpes, adeno, parvo, papova, pox

Front 2

RNA viruses

Back 2

picorna, calici, reo, flavi, toga, retro, corona, orthomyxo, paramyxo, rhabdo, filo, arena, bunya, delta

Front 3

Hepanda

Back 3

enveloped; DS- partial circular
HBV; has a reverse transcriptase

Front 4

Herpes

Back 4

HSV, VZV, EBV, CMV, HHV 6 (roseola), HHV 8- Kaposis
enveloped, linear DS

Front 5

Adeno

Back 5

NO envelope; DS linear
febrile pharngitis, pneumonia, conjunctivitis, diarrhea

Front 6

Parvo

Back 6

No envelope; SS linear
B19- aplastic crisis in sickle cell disease, "slapped cheek" rash, erythemia infectiosum, hydrops fetalis

Front 7

Papova

Back 7

No envelope; DS circular; HPV warts, CIN, cervical cancer
JC- progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in HIV
Cancer: 16 and 18
kiolocytes- cytoplasmic clearing

Front 8

Pox

Back 8

Envelope; DS- linear
small pox, cow pox from infected cow udders
molluscum contagiosum- raised lesion with central divot, flesh colored

Front 9

Picorna

Back 9

No envelope, SS linear, icosahedral
Polio- ant horn of SC
Echo- aspetic meningitis, mild, from pools
Rhino- common cold
Coxsackie- aseptic meningitis, HFM, febrile pharnygitis, myocarditis
HAV

Front 10

calici

Back 10

no envelope, SS linear, icosahedral
HEV and Norwalk-cruiseship GE

Front 11

Reo

Back 11

no envelope, DS linear, segmented, icosahedral- Reo and Rota- wintery watery diarrhea

Front 12

Flavi

Back 12

envelope, SS linear, icosahedral
HCV
Yellow fever
WNV- from birds, muscle weakness, paralysis, anterior horn SC
SLE

Front 13

Toga

Back 13

envelope, SS linear, icosahedral
rubella
equine encephalitis

Front 14

Retro

Back 14

envelope, SS linear, icosahedral
have reverse transcriptase, HIV-AIDS, HTLV-T cell leukemia

Front 15

Corona

Back 15

envelope, SS linear, helical
Common cold and SARS- fever, cough, suspected exposure, positive lab assay or pneumo/ARDS w/o known cause

Front 16

Orthomyxo

Back 16

enveloped, SS linear segmented, helical
Influenza

Front 17

Paramyxo

Back 17

enveloped, SS linear, helical
Parainfluenza- croup- barking seal cough, inspiratory wheezes, steeple sign
RSV- brassy cough, looks like pneumonia
Measles
Mumps

Front 18

Rhabdo

Back 18

enveloped, SS linear, helical
Rabies

Front 19

Filo

Back 19

enveloped, SS linear, helical, hemorrhagic fever

Front 20

arena

Back 20

enveloped, SS linear, helical- LCV, meningitis

Front 21

Bunya

Back 21

enveloped, SS linear, helical
Hanta- hemorrhagic fever, pneumonia, rodent resevoir

Front 22

Delta

Back 22

enveloped, SS circular, helical, HDV

Front 23

negative stranded

Back 23

arena, bunya, paramyxo, orthomyxo, filo, rhabdo
must transcribe negative to positive

Front 24

Killed vaccines

Back 24

rabies, influenza, salk, HAV

Front 25

Egg based vaccines

Back 25

Flu, MMR, yellow fever

Front 26

Reassortment

Back 26

when viruses with segmented genomes exchange segments; worldwide pandemics

Front 27

Recombination

Back 27

exchange of genes between 2 chromosomes by crossing over within regions of significant base homology

Front 28

complementation

Back 28

when 1 of 2 viruses that infect the cell has a mutation that results in a nonfunctional protein; the nonmutated virus complements the mutated one by making a functional protein that serves both viruses

Front 29

Amantidine mechanism

Back 29

blocks viral penetration and uncoating; release of dopamine from intact nerve terminals (parkinsons tx)

Front 30

uses and toxicity of amatidine

Back 30

Influ A, Parkinsons
causes ataxia, dizziness, slurred speech

Front 31

zanamivir, oseltamivir

Back 31

DOC avian flu
inhibit influenza neuraminidase
used for influ A and B

Front 32

ribavarin

Back 32

inhibits synthesis of guanine nucleotides by competitively inhibiting IMP dehydrogenase
used for hep C
causes hemolytic anemia, severe teratogen

Front 33

Acyclovir, valacylovir, famcyclovir

Back 33

preferentially inhibits viral DNA pol when phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase
used in HSV, VZV, EBV, mucocutaneous and genital herpes lesions
tox: delirium, tremor, nephrotox

Front 34

Gancyclovir

Back 34

phosphorylated by viral kinase; preferentially inhibits CMV DNA pol
tox: leukopenia, neutropenia, TCP, renal tox

Front 35

Foscarnet

Back 35

viral DNA pol inhibitor that binds to the pyrophosphate binding site of the enzyme; does not require activation by viral kinase
used in CMV or HSV

Front 36

Protease inhibitors

Back 36

saquinavir, ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir

Front 37

PI mechanism, tox

Back 37

inhibit assembly of new virus by blocking protease in progeny virions
GI intolerance, hyperglycemia, lipodystrophy, TCP, inhibit P450

Front 38

NRTI

Back 38

zidovudine (AZT), didanosine (ddI), zalcitabine (ddC), stavudine (d4T), lamivudine (3TC), abacavir

Front 39

NNRTI

Back 39

nevirapine, efavirenz, delavirdine
(direct and noncomp)

Front 40

toxicity of RTI

Back 40

bone marrow suppression, peripheral neuropathy, lactic acidosis, rash, megaloblastic anemia (AZT)

Front 41

start HIV therapy

Back 41

when CD4 < 200
CD4 < 350 + sxs
CD4 > 350, viral load > 100K or if CD4 rapidly decreasing

Front 42

occupational exposure

Back 42

zidovudine and lamivudine

Front 43

HAART

Back 43

zidovudine, lamivudine, effavirenz/PI
2 PPIs + 1 other

Front 44

pregnancy

Back 44

zidovudine

Front 45

IFNa

Back 45

chronic hep B and C, Kaposis

Front 46

IFN beta

Back 46

MS

Front 47

IFN gamma

Back 47

NADPH oxidase deficiency

Front 48

SE lactic acidosis

Back 48

NRTIs (zido, didan, stavu)

Front 49

SE GI intolerance

Back 49

protease inhibitors, zido

Front 50

SE pancreatitis

Back 50

didanosine, zalcitabine, stavudine, ritonavir

Front 51

SE peripheral neuropathy

Back 51

didano, zalcita, stavu

Front 52

SE bone marrow suppression

Back 52

zido