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27 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
Science
an endeavor dedicated to the accumulation and classification of observable facts in order to formulate general laws about the natural world
Density
describes how tightly packed the matter in a substance is
Classification
a systematic arrangement of data into groups based on set criteria
Spontaneous generation
the idea that living organisms can be spontaneously formed from non-living substances
Geocentric System
the system in which the earth is at the center of the universe, and the planets and stars orbit around the earth
Alchemy
the nonscientific pursuit in which people tried to turn lead (or other inexpensive substances)into gold (or other expensive substances)
Chemical Reaction
one or more substances interact to form one or more new substances
Supernova
the explosion of a star
Nebula
a cloud of dust or gas in interstellar space (forms from a supernova)
Heliocentric (Copernican) System
the system in which the sun is at the center of the solar system, and the planets orbit around the sun
Ellipse
the collection of points in which the sum of the distance between two points (foci) are the same
Atmospheric Pressure
the pressure exerted by the atmosphere on all objects within it
Microscope
an optical device that makes enlarged images of minute objects
Enlightenment
a period in history which marks the beginning of a change in the underlying assumptions of science
Industrial Revolution
a period in history in which as scientific knowledge grew, inventors were able to use this knowledge to invent machines that worked faster and more productively, thus manual labor decreased
Law of Mass Conservation
Matter cannot be created or destroyed. It can only change form.
Combustion
the process of burning
Theory of Evolution
a theory stating that all life on this earth has one (or a few) comman ancestor(s) that existed a long time ago
Immutability of the Species
a concept in which living creatures of every type that exist today have existed throughout history
Natural Selection
a process in which living organisms can adapt to changes in their surrounding, and over time can lead to new organisms that are radically different from their ancestors
Pasteurization
partial sterilization of a substance that does not chemically alter the substance
Geology
the study of earth's history as revealed in the rocks that make up the earth
Genetics
the science that studies how characteristics get passed from parent to offspring
Electromagnetism
the union of electricity and magnetism
The First Law of Thermodynamics
energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only change forms
Quantum mechanics
a modern day view of physics, which depend on the assumption that energy comes in small packets called "quanta"
Theory of Relativity (Special)
matter is just another form of energy (E=mc2)