General Science Asvab

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Oxygenated

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oxygenated blood leaving the lungs

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Hydrogenated

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hydroden is the lightest most abundant chemical element it is used for example to turn unsaturated fats into saturated fats.

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Coagulated

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when a liquid expands like when an egg is cooked or blood clotting over a wound.

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Mitosis

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the process in which a eukaryotic cell separates the chromosomes in its cell nucleus, into two identical sets in two daughter nuclei. A sexual reprodution.

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vacuole

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The vacuole is used only in plant cells. It is responsible for maintaining the shape and structure of the cell. Plant cells don't increase in size by expanding the cytosplasm, rather they increase the size of their vacuoles. The vacuole is a large vesicle which is also used to store nutrients, metabolites, and waste products. The pressure applied by the vacuole, called turgor, is necessary to maintain the size of the cell. If turgor is lost the cell becomes flaccid. The vacuole typically is 50% of the volume of the cell, yet it can take up to 95% of the cell!

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ribosome

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Cells need to make proteins. Those proteins might be used as enzymes or as support for other cell functions. When you need to make proteins, you look for ribosomes. Ribosomes are the protein builders or the protein synthesizers of the cell. They are like construction guys who connect one amino acid at a time and build long chains.

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cell wall

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Plant cells have cell walls protecting the membrane and help create strength similar to a human skeleton. Made up of carbohydrates.

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mitochondria

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They are organelles that act like a digestive system that takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy for the cell. The process of creating cell energy is known as cellular respiration. Most of the chemical reactions involved in cellular respiration happen in the mitochondria. A mitochondrion is shaped perfectly to maximize its efforts.

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diffusion

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is a net transport of molecules from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration by random molecular motion

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catalysis

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the process in which the rate of a chemical reaction is either increased or decreased by means of a chemical substance known as a catalyst

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Electric charge

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can be posative or negative

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Refraction

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the change in direction of a wave due to a change in its speed. ex. when water waves move into water of a different depth

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Electron

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is a subatomic particle that carries a negative electric charge

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proton

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protons make up the nucleus, held together by the strong force. The proton is a baryon and is considered to be composed of two up quarks and one down quark.