General Pharmacology

Front 1

Activated Charcoal

Medication Name:

Back 1

Activated charcoal, SuperChar, InstaChar, Actidose, LiquiChar

Front 2

Activated Charcoal

Indications:

Back 2

Patients who have ingested poisons by mouth, administer after receiving orders from medical direction or the poison control center.

Front 3

Activated Charcoal

Contraindications:

Back 3

1)altered mental status, 2)swallowed acids or alkalis, 3)unable to swallow

Front 4

Activated Charcoal

Medication Form:

Back 4

12.5 grams premixed with water; powdered form should be avoided.

Front 5

Activated Charcoal

Dosage:

Back 5

1 gram of activated charcoal per kilogram of body weight; usual adult dosage= 25-50 grams, usual child or infant dose= 12.5-25 grams

Front 6

Activated Charcoal

Administration:

Back 6

Consult medical direction; shake container; encourage patient to drink through a straw; record time and response; if patient vomits notify medical control for repeat dose

Front 7

Activated Charcoal

Actions:

Back 7

Binds with poisons in the stomach and prevents their absorption into the body

Front 8

Activated Charcoal

Side Effects:

Back 8

Blackening of the stools; possible vomiting

Front 9

Activated Charcoal

Reassessment:

Back 9

1)Check for abdominal pain or distress upon administration. 2)watch for vomiting; position patient and be prepared to suction

Front 10

Epinephrine Auto-Injector

Medication Name:

Back 10

Epipen, Epipen Jr., Adrenaline, Epinephrine

Front 11

Epinephrine Auto-Injector

Indications:

Back 11

1)signs and symptoms of severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis). 2)medication is prescribed to patient. 3)emt-b has received orders from medical direction

Front 12

Epinephrine Auto-Injector

Contraindications:

Back 12

none, when used in the life-threatening allergic reaction

Front 13

Epinephrine Auto-Injector

Medication Form:

Back 13

Liquid drug contained within an auto-injector

Front 14

Epinephrine Auto-Injector

Dosage:

Back 14

auto-injector delivers one single dose. adult dose= .3mg, child and infant dose=.15mg

Front 15

Epinephrine Auto-Injector

Administration:

Back 15

push uncapped tip of auto-injector firmly against the lateral aspect of the thigh until the needle is deployed and the medication is delivered. hold for 10 seconds

Front 16

Epinephrine Auto-Injector

Actions:

Back 16

mimics the response of the sympathetic nervous system. 1)constricts blood vessels to improve bp. 2)relaxes smooth muscles in the lungs to improve breathing. 3)stimulates the heartbeat. 4)reverses swelling and hives

Front 17

Epinephrine Auto-Injector

side effects:

Back 17

increased heart rate, pallor, dizziness, chest pain, headache, nausea and vomiting, excitability and anxiousness

Front 18

Epinephrine Auto-Injector

reassessment:

Back 18

1)reassess for decreasing mental status, bp, and increased breathing difficulties. 2)if condition worsens you may have to call medical direction for second dose, treat for hypoperfusion, may need CPR and AED

Front 19

MDI

Medication Name:

Back 19

albuterol, metasproterenol, isoetharine, proventil, ventolin, metaprel, alupent, bronkosol, bronkometer

Front 20

MDI

Indications:

Back 20

1)signs and symptoms of breathing difficulty. 2)patient has Dr. prescribed MDI. 3)emt-b has approval from medical direction

Front 21

MDI

Contraindications:

Back 21

1)not responsive enough to use. 2)MDI is not prescribed to patient. 3)max dose allowed is reached. 4)permission denied by medical direction

Front 22

MDI

Medication Form:

Back 22

aerosolized medication in a metered dose inhaler

Front 23

MDI

Dosage:

Back 23

each depression of MDI is precise dose. number of times medication can be delivered is determined my medical direction

Front 24

MDI

administration:

Back 24

1)ensure medication is patient's and patient is alert; determine number of doses already given. 3)assure MDI is at room temp, and shake for 30 seconds. 4)administer while patient is inhaling; encourage to hold breath

Front 25

MDI

actions:

Back 25

beta agonist, relaxes the bronchiole smooth muscles, dilates the lower airway

Front 26

MDI

side effects:

Back 26

tachycardia, tremors, shakiness, nervousness, dry mouth

Front 27

MDI

reassessment:

Back 27

ongoing; vitals, and question about effect, focused h+p, monitor airway, record and document

Front 28

Nitro

Medication Name:

Back 28

nitroglycerine, nitrostat, nitrobid, nitrilingual spray

Front 29

Nitro

indications:

Back 29

signs and symptoms of chest pain; physician prescribed nitro; emt-b has approval from medical direction

Front 30

Nitro

contraindications:

Back 30

baseline bp below 100 mmHg systolic; suspected head injury; patient has infant of child; 3 doses have already been taken

Front 31

Nitro

medication form:

Back 31

tablet or sublingual spray

Front 32

Nitro

dosage:

Back 32

one table or one spray under the tongue; may be repeated in 3-5 minutes if 1)patient experiences no relief, 2) bp remains above 100 sys. 3)medical direction gives approval

Front 33

Nitro

administration:

Back 33

1)assure medication is patients, bp is above 100 sys., approval from medical direction is given. 2)assure patient his alert; check expiration date; ask patient when he took last dose. 3)place spray or med under tongue; keep mouth closed. 4)reassess bp in 2 min.; record actions

Front 34

Nitro

actions:

Back 34

relaxes blood vessels, decreases workload or heart

Front 35

Nitro

side effects:

Back 35

vessel dilation may cause headache, drop in bp, pulse rate change

Front 36

Nitro

reassessment:

Back 36

1)monitor bp. 2)question patient about effect. 3)obtain approval from medical direction before re-administering. 4)record and document

Front 37

Oral Glucose

Medication Name:

Back 37

oral glucose, glutose, insta glucose

Front 38

Oral Glucose

indication:

Back 38

1)altered mental status with 2)history of diabetes controlled by medication and 3)ability to swallow

Front 39

Oral Glucose

contraindications:

Back 39

1)unconscious 2)unable to swallow

Front 40

Oral Glucose

medication form:

Back 40

gel, in toothpaste-type tube

Front 41

Oral Glucose

dosage:

Back 41

typical dose is one tube

Front 42

Oral Glucose

administration:

Back 42

squeeze or place a portion between cheek and gum

Front 43

Oral Glucose

action:

Back 43

increases brain and blood sugar levels

Front 44

Oral Glucose

side effects:

Back 44

may cause airway obstruction in patient with gag reflex

Front 45

Oral Glucose

reassessment:

Back 45

reassess mental status to determine if the drug has had an effect