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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
General pathology is?
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basic reactions of cells and tissues to abnormal stimuli
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System (special) pathology) is?
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specific reactions of specialized organs and tissues.
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Pathology provides an understanding of?
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disease process
causes mechanisms (pathogenesis) manifestations (S&S) sequelae |
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Path constitutes the???
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scientific basis for proper diagnosis and treatment needed for healthcare providers
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SUBDIVISIONS OF PATHOLOGY
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SUBDIVISIONS OF PATHOLOGY
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Histopathology is?
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diagnosis of disease thru tissue examination
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Cytopathology is?
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diagnosis of disease thru examination of seperated cells
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Chemical pathology?
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study of disease regarding biochemical changes in tissue & body fluids
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Forensic Pathology?
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application of pathology to legal purposes
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toxicology is?
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Study of poisons and their effects
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Hematology path is?
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study of disorders of blood cells and coagulation proteins
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immunology path is?
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study of immune response in diseases (specific defense mechanisms of the body)
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microbiology path is?
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study of infectious diseases and responsible agents
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genetics path is?
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study of an
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Disease equation is?
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harmful agent + body's rxn = disease
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disease ---> Pathology----> Clinical practice ...
describe the three.. |
disease: due to variation outside normal range
pathology: etiology, clin picture, pathogenesis, progression Clinical practice: diagnosis, prognosis, prevention |
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Important broad groups of disease
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Important broad groups of disease
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name the three groups and describe.
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1. Inflammatory- incl infections
2. degenerative (excl aging) 3. neoplastic- (new mass)- tumors |
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Making Diagnosis-
what is the process? |
HX----D.D.---P.E.---investigate
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what are the questions you should ask when making diagnosis?
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1. which organ or body system?
2. which category of disease (from S&S) 3. using age, gender, past Hx----compute D.D. 4. investigate only if: resolve Dx, or affect Px |
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What are the four Diagnostic pathology?
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1. biopsy
2. cytology 3. Blood 4. secretion & excretion |
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Biopsy is?
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examination of tissue samples from living patients
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what are 4 types of biopsy?
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1. needle biopsy-- wide pored cutting needle
2. incisional biopsy-surgical 3. endoscopy- visually guided 4. excision |
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Cytology is?
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examination of scattered cells
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what are the 4 types of cytology?
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1. fluid cytology- pleural effusion
2. washing cytology- bronchial washing 3. fine needle- aspiration solid tissue 4. exfoliative cytology- scraped or brushed cells |
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diagnostic pathology- Blood, what are three types?
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1. blood cells- qualitative or quantitative changes
2. plasma- coagulation disorders 3. serum- (has everything in blood xcept coag factor)- proteins, enzymes, biochem |
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the major characteristics applied for study of diseases include?
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1. definition
2. incidence: occurence(gender, age) 3. etiology (cause) 4. pathogenesis 5. clinical features aka S&S 6. pathological lesion - result of disease 7. complications- acute chronic conditions 8. prognosis |
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DEFINITION-
Pathognomonic abnormality is? |
abnormality restricted to a single disease OF DIAGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE
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Syndrome is?
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disease characterized by MULTIPLE FINDINGS- cobo of lesions, and S&S
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Prognosis is?
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forecast of the PROBABLE OUTCOME of a disease
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DISEASE NOMENCLATURE
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DISEASE NOMENCLATURE
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Primary etiology?
Secondary etiology? |
disease w/o EVIDENT CAUSE
disease SECONDARY to or COMPLICATION of some underlying cause ex; hypertension 2nd to renal artery stenosis |
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Primary- re tumors?
Secondary- re tumors? |
INITIAL site
tumor cells that DISSEMINATE producing secondary lesions in distant sites |
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Acute and Chronic describe course of disease.
Acute is? Chronic is? Subacute is? |
1. RAPID onset and SHORT course
2. INSIDIOUS "GRADUAL" onset and PROLONGED course 3. BETWEEN acute and chronic |
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Benign and malignant, describe tumors.
Benign is? Malignant? |
1. remain LOCALIZED, rarely fatal
2. invade and SPREAD from original site, commonly fatal |
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PREFIXES-
Hyper Hypo Meta |
hyper- ABOVE normal
Hypo- BELOW normal meta- CHANGE from one state to another |
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SUFFIXES-
1. itis 2. Oma 3. Oid 4. Plasia 5. Osis 6. Opathy |
1. inflammation
2. swelling- tumor e.g. fibroma 3. Resembling- e.g. rheumatoid dis 4. disorder of growth --- neoplasia 5. state, condition, process 6. abnormality, lacking specific characteristics |
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eponymous names are?
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diseases named after a person or place
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iatrogenic disease
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disease induced by health care providers words or actions
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