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30 Cards in this Set

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MPN
Most Probable Number: A way of measuring bacterial growth.
Phisiological saline
0.85
At specific gravity and 4 degrees C, what is the density of water?
1.00
What is density measured in?
g/cm^3
What factors influence bacterial cell growth?
Nutrients, Temperature, pH, Water availability, Light, Oxygen, Heavy Metals, Antibiotics.
What produces T-T dimers?
UV light
How fast does E.coli in the human gut replicate?
Every 20 minutes.
How big is one cell of E.coli?
1 micrometer
What are three major cell components?
ATP
Total Protein
Nitrogen (147%)
Which bacteria observed in the lab contain capsules?
Bacillus and E.coli
Who is the father of microbiology?
Antony van Leeuwenhoek
Who is the father of moderm microbiology?
Louis Pasteur
Who named endospores?
Ferdinand Cohn
Who studied/discovered endospores?
John Tyndall and Ferdinand Cohn
What is an infusion?
The broth/media being used in an experiment.
Galen (150 AD)
~ Imbalance between 4 humours caused diseases
~ Blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile
~ This is also why leaches were considered as healing techniques.
Girolamo Fracastoro (1546)
~ Invisible organisms ("germs") caused disease.
Agostino Bassi (1835)
~ silkworm disease caused by fungus.
M.J. Berkeley (1845)
~ Potato blight in Ireland (1845) caused by fungus.
Heinrich de Bary (1853)
~ smuts and rusts caused cereal crop disease.
Louis Pasteur (1857)
~ Pebrine disease of silkworms caused by microsporan (Nosema bombysis)
~ Revised "Germ theory" of diseases
What was the approximate magnification of van Leeuwenhoek's lenses?
300X
In 1674 when van Leeuwenhoek first observed microorganisms with his crude microscope, what did he call the things he saw?
Animalcules
Robert Koch
Anthrax caused by (Bacillus anthracis) and transmitted by resistant spores.
Probiotics
The use of bacteria in products that also help prevent disease.
PCB
Polychlorinated biphenyls
DDT
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
What process do bacteria use to replicate/reproduce?
Binary Fission
What is a mordant?
A mordant is a substance that helps a staining substance bond to a bacterial cell. (Gram's Iodine)
What are the four steps of Gram Staining?
1. Primary Stain
2. Mordant
3. Decolorizer
4. Counterstain