Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
108 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
describe the shape of earth |
oblate spheroid (not a perfect sphere) |
|
what does the earths rotation cause |
coriolis effect and night and day |
|
define a tropical year |
amount of time earth takes to revolve around the sun |
|
what is the tilt of the earth from the ecliptic |
23.5 |
|
what causes the earth to have seasons |
the tilt |
|
describe a standard time zone |
50 degrees/ 24 |
|
describe what happens when you cross the international date line |
you go back or forward a day |
|
describe each of the following in the N. Hemi june solctice (summer): September equinox (autumn): December solcitce (winter): march equinox (spring): |
longest day 12 hrs day shortest day 12 hrs day |
|
how is a graticule different from a plane coordinate system |
PCS: flat graticule: curved |
|
why are maps not as accurate as globes |
distortion |
|
list what is found in a map legend |
symbols/quanities |
|
describe how to construct an isoline on a map |
interpolate between known points of value |
|
describe how a map scale work |
decide how big map is and decide what measurement to use |
|
what is an isoline |
closed lines that represent relations of some avintities (closed loops, close together, set intervals, and never cross) |
|
what information is provided on topographical maps |
elevation data |
|
describe a conformal map in terms of size and shape |
accurate shape distorted size |
|
equivalence map |
accurate size distorted shape |
|
compromised map |
size and shape distorted |
|
what causes the coriolis effect on earth |
rotation |
|
what is meant by elevation |
the height of an object |
|
where do particulates in the atmosphere originate |
fire, factories, cars, anything going into the atmosphere |
|
describe the troposphere |
weather occurs/ altitude increases temp. decreases/ vertical mixing/ turbulance |
|
stratosphere |
ozone, very still, air doesn't move, clouds here, altitude increases temp. increases |
|
what causes the surface currents in the worlds oceans |
coriolis effect>wind>different air pressure>ocean currents |
|
what causes the air in the atmosphere to circulate and move |
difference in air pressure and air at earths poles |
|
describe a poleward moving currents |
warm water flows to the poles |
|
describe an equatorward moving current |
cold water moving towards the equator |
|
how do ocean currents effect climate |
moderate climate and diminish extremes |
|
describe the gulf stream and its importance |
poleward moving warm water currents in the atlantic off the east coast of the USA |
|
describe the N. Atlantic drift current and its importance |
idk |
|
what percent the heat transfer on earth is caused by atmospheric ciculation |
80% |
|
oceanic circulation |
20% |
|
describe convection |
sun heats the ground, ground heats air above it> heated matter expands and becomes lower density> rises> air cools and sinks> yay |
|
where are deserts usually found on earth |
between 0 degrees and 30 degrees latitude, commonly on west coast of continents |
|
describe each of the following arid: |
less than 10 inches of rain, low humidity, dry, hot days and cold nights |
|
semi-arid:
|
found near deserts, 10-30 inches of rain, steep or temp., grasslands |
|
mediterraian: |
hot dry summers, mild rainy winters, 30-45 degrees latitude, rome |
|
humid continental: |
interior of continents |
|
humid subtropical: |
idk |
|
tropical wet: |
idk |
|
tropical wet/dry: |
idk |
|
subarctic: |
idk |
|
tundra: |
idk |
|
polar icecap: |
idk |
|
what substance is responsible for most weathering |
water |
|
where is the epicenter of an earthquake |
on the surface |
|
where is the focus |
where the rock slips |
|
describe each of the following p waves: |
idk |
|
s waves: |
idk |
|
surface waves: |
idk |
|
describe a tsunamis |
a very long sea wave generated by earthquakes |
|
how does rain aid in the mass movements of earth |
speeds it up |
|
describe fracking |
idk |
|
more or less dense oceanic crust continental crust |
more dense less dense |
|
describe three types of biological weathering
|
idk |
|
describe the movement of a transform boundry and give an example |
slide past eachother; san andreas fault |
|
oceanic convergent boundry and give 3 examples |
idk |
|
describe a mantle plume and give 2 US examples |
>yellowstone >hawiian islands |
|
how violent an eruption of a volcano is dependent on what main factor |
chemical makeup |
|
whats the difference between a pyroclastic flow and a lahar |
PF: ash and rock avalanche L: mudflow (water involved) |
|
what instruments can be used to predict if a volcanic eruption is imminent |
tiltometer, seismograph |
|
what is meant by an extusive rock |
rock formed above ground |
|
intrusive rock |
below ground >stone mountain > |
|
natural hazard west coast: |
earthquakes |
|
Midwest: |
tornado |
|
southeast coast: |
lightning |
|
what is the largest protestant demonination in the USA |
babtists |
|
historically today what is the main reason people immigrate to the US |
economic reasons |
|
describe 2 hemispheres where US is located |
northwest |
|
positive net immigration occurs when |
more immigrants come in than emmigrants leave |
|
negative net immigration occurs when |
less immigrants come in that emmigrants leave |
|
describe representative democracy |
when people vote for someone to represent them in government |
|
languages 1st and 2nd USA: Canada: |
English and spanish English and french |
|
what is the predominate religion in the US and Canada |
christianity |
|
Europe: |
christianity |
|
Latin america |
catholic |
|
how do geographers describe overpopulation |
more people than resources |
|
from most to least list the most populated world regions |
east asia south asia southeast asia western europe |
|
in terms of CBR, CDR, IMR, LE, 1st world country, 3rd world country |
1st: CBR>low, CDR>low, IMR>low, LE>high
3rd: CBR>high, CDR>high, IMR>high, LE>low |
|
which two countries are a part of NAFTA |
mexico, usa, canada |
|
what is the predominate christen branch in Latin america |
roman catholic |
|
due to its communist regime which latin America country do we not trade with |
cuba (embargo) |
|
what was the result of the Columbian exchange |
disease, animals, goods, plants, and more were trades between western and northern hemispheres |
|
why is tourism so important to latin America countries |
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ |
|
where would you find the following maquiladoras: favelas: |
factories on the borders of mexico and USA slums (in Rio) |
|
what are the economies of latin America mostly based on |
idk |
|
what did spain and Portugal contribute to the culture of latin American countries |
idk |
|
describe El Nino |
idk |
|
why were the Spanish conquistadors able to conquer the native peoples of LA so quickly |
natives thought they were gods/ they weren't immune to European diseases |
|
classify the English language by family, branch, and group |
Indo-European, germainic, west germainic, english |
|
describe the cultural contributions of mediterrainian europe |
idk |
|
in which country did the industrial revolution begin |
england |
|
define official language |
language government uses |
|
which region of europe controlled USSR after WW2 |
east europe |
|
satellite states of USSr |
south europe |
|
land of the midnight sun |
north europe |
|
highest standard of living |
mediterrainian europe |
|
languages classified oldest to youngest is |
family, branch, group |
|
what city in Europe is famous for having a wall built around half of it |
berlin |
|
what is a lingua franca |
idk |
|
isolated language endangered langues |
basque welsh |
|
why is being multilingual important in europe |
idk |
|
what is the currency used in EU countries |
idk |
|
what is NATO |
north American trade organization |
|
what two major wars were fought in Europe in the 20th century |
WW1 and WW2 |
|
what is Athens Greece major contribution to the world today |
idk |
|
what is nationalism what did it lead to in Europe twice |
idk |
|
what is the Danube river known for |
being the busiest |