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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Polar Molecule
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A molecule with opposite ends having opposite charges.
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Cohesion
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Collectively, when hydrogen bonds hold a substance together. "Sticks to itself"
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Adhesion
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The clinging of one substace to another.
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Surface Tension
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A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid.
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Kinetic Energy
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The energy of motion. Anything that moves has this.
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Heat
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A measure of the total amount of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter.
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Temperature
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Measure the total the intensity of heat due to the average kenetic energy of a molecule.
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Calarie (cal)
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The amount of heat it takes to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1*C.
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Kilocalorie (kcal)
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The amount of heat it takes to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1*C.
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Joule (J)
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One of these equals 0.239 cal; one calorie equals 4.184 of these.
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Specific Heat
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The amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1g of that substance to change it's temperature by 1*C
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Heat of Evaporation
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The quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1g of it to be converted from the liquid to the gaseous state.
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Solution
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A completely homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.
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Solvent
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A dissolving agent, or what disolves a substance.
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Solute
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A substance that is dissolved.
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Aqueous Solution
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A solution in which water is the solvent.
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Hydration Shell
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The sphere of water molecules around each disolved ion.
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Hydrophilic
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Water loving
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Hydrophobic
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Water fearing.
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Colloid
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A stable suspension of fine particles in a liquid.
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Molecular Mass
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The sum of the masses of all the atoms in a molecule.
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Mole (mol)
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Also called Avogadros number; represents an exact number of objects. 6.02 x 10 to the 23rd
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Molarity
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The number of moles of solute per liter of a solution.
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Hydrogen Ion
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During dissociation, a water molecule sometimes leaves it's electron behind, creating and ion with a single proton with a positive charge.
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Hydroxide Ion
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During dissociation, a water molecule sometimes leaves it's electron behind, leaving the remaining ion with a negative charge of -1.
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Acid
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A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.
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Base
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A substance that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.
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pH
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The negative logarithm (base 10) of the hydrogen ion concentration.
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Buffers
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Substances that minimize changes in the concentration of H+ and OH- in a solution.
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Acid Precipitation
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Rain, snow, or fog with a pH lower or more acidic than pH 5.6
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