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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Method by which cells multiply.
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Cellular division
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Cell division process that produces two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the mother cell.
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Mitosis
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Cell division process that produces gametes with half the genetic material of the mother cell.
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Meiosis
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Replicated chromosomes temporarily remain attached to each other at this location.
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Centromere
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During this phase of mitosis, the sister chromatids have just replicated but not yet aligned.
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Prophase
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During this phase of mitosis, the sister chromatids align themselves along a plane in the cell.
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Metaphase
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What plane do the sister chromatids align themselves to during mitosis?
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Metaphase plate
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During this phase of mitosis, the sister chromatids are broken apart as they are drawn to each pole in preparation for cell division.
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Anaphase
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During this phase of mitosis, the nuclear membranes reform into two distinct nuclei.
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Telophase
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Network of microtubules that sorts chromosomes during cell division.
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Spindle apparatus / Mitotic spindle
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Process by which the entire cell is physically divided.
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Cytokinesis
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Formation that occurs in animal cells as a cell divides into two.
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Cleavage furrow
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Formation that occurs in plant cells as a cell divides into two.
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Cell plate
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Term that describes the total complement of genetic material.
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Genome
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Substance that binds to the surface of a cell and stimulates it to divide.
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Growth factor
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Condition where cells crowd each other and stop dividing.
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Density-dependent inhibition / Contact inhibition
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Point in cell division cycle where a decision to replicate or not replicate is made.
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Checkpoint
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Disease characterized by uncontrolled cell division.
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Cancer
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Mass of anomalous cells.
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Tumor
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Tumors that remain at their original site and do not invade surrounding areas.
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Benign tumors
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Tumors that spread to other sites in the body.
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Malignant tumors
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Carrying cancer cells throughout the rest of the body through the bloodstream.
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Metastasis
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A form of reproduction where gametes are not used.
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Asexual reproduction
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A form of reproduction where gametes are used.
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Sexual reproduction
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Sex cells.
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Gametes
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Event where two gametes combine to begin life.
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Fertilization
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Cell that has its chromosomes in pairs.
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Diploid
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Cells that carry the full complement of genetic material.
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Somatic cells
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Cells that carry half the complement of genetic material. Also knows as gametes.
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Germ cells
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Male germ cell.
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Sperm
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Female germ cell.
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Egg
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Plant cells containing one set of chromosomes per cell.
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Gametophyte
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Plant cells containing two sets of chromosomes per cell.
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Sporophyte
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Number of daughter cells created by a mitotic division.
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Two
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Number of daughter cells created by a meiotic division.
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Four
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Name for a unit of two pairs of sister chromatids in meiosis.
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Tetrad
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