Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
List two ways in which Anaerobic bacteria can infect humans
|
-By normal flora colonizing to form oxygen deficient sites (intestine)
-spore-formers from the environment |
|
List three characteristics of Clostridium?
|
-Gram positive
-anaerobic -endospore forming |
|
What is a common name for Clostridum Perfringens?
|
Gas gangrene (most common)
|
|
What is the name and effect of the alpha toxin of C.Perfringens on the body?
|
Phospholipase: lyes blood cells and causes bleeding and tissue distruction
|
|
What is the name and effect of the theta toxin of C.Perfringens?
|
Pore forming: alters capillary permibility; toxic to heart
|
|
How does the Gas part of Gangrene form?
|
Spores get into tissue that is poorley perfused and fermentate(for more enery) to form gas
|
|
What is the common name for Clostridium Tetani and where is it found?
|
-Tetanus (Stepping on a rusty or old nail)
-found in the dirt |
|
What effect does Tetanus have on the body?
|
it blocks the release of neurotransmitters for muscle relaxation - Lock Jaw
|
|
What is the major cause of death from Tetanus?
|
Respiration failure
|
|
How does the Gas part of Gangrene form?
|
Spores get into tissue that is poorley perfused and fermentate(for more enery) to form gas
|
|
What is the common name for Clostridium Tetani and where is it found?
|
-Tetanus (Stepping on a rusty or old nail)
-foun in the dirt |
|
What is done to prevent Tetanus?
|
-Initial 3 dose vaccination
-10 yr boosters |
|
What is DTaP?
|
-Tetanus in kids
|
|
What is passive immunity of Tetanus?
|
-Recieved while mothers wound
-Ab's neutralize bacteria |
|
What steps are taken if one is expose to Tetanus?
|
-Always clean wound
-if >10yr get booster(active immunity) and passive immunity (Ab's in body) -if 5-10yr get booster |
|
What role does antibiotics play in the treatment of Tetanus?
|
Penicillin is used to kill bateria (prevent the production of the toxin)
|
|
What is Clostridium Botulinum?
|
This food poisoning
|
|
How do you kill Botulism?
|
-Once you open the can the bacteria is dead because it is an anaerobe.
-the toxins cannot be killed by oxygen or by boiling |
|
What are the effects of Botulism on the body?
|
-it blocks the release of acetylocholine release(muscle can't contract)
-the cranial nerves,blurred vision and constipation. |
|
What is the number one source of Botulism?
|
Home can foods
|
|
How do you kill the Botulism toxin?
|
By heating to 85 degrees celcius for 5 minutes.
|
|
What is the treatment of Botulism?
|
-Supportive care
-passive immunity(anti-toxin horse sera) |
|
What is the most common form of botulism?
|
Infant Botulism; can't survive in humans but can in kids <1 yr. Don't give kids honey because bees pick up bacteria from flowers
|
|
What is Clostridium Difficile also known as?
|
Pseudomembranous colitis
(life threatening) |
|
What is a precurser to Pseudomembranous colitis?
|
-prior antibiotics most commonly clindamycin,cephalosporins, and ampicillin
|
|
Where is Pseudomembranous colitis usually found?
|
-In the stool
-membranes in the lumen |
|
What is the drug of choice for pseudomembranous colitis?
|
Vancomycin or Metronidazole
|
|
a)How many types of C.Perfringens are there?
b)which is the most important for human disease? |
a)There are 5 types A-E
b)Type A |