General Anatomy And Physiology Milady's Chapter 5

Front 1

What is protoplasm

Back 1

jellylike substance containing food elements (proteins, fats, carbs, mineral salts and H2O)

Front 2

What is metabolism
Name the 2 phases

Back 2

chemical process where cells are nourished and carry out their activities
1. anabolism: the process of building up larger molecules from small ones (stores food, water and oxygen)
2. catabolism: complex compounds in the cells are broken down and energy is released (muscle contractions, heat production, body secretions)

Front 3

What are the 4 types of tissues

Back 3

connective
epithelial
muscular
nerve

Front 4

What is connective tissue

Back 4

supports, protects and binds together other tissues bone, cartilage, ligaments, fat, tendons, fascia (collagen and elastin are located in the connective tissue)

Front 5

What is epithelial tissue

Back 5

protective covering on body surfaces. Skin, mucous membranes and the lining of organs and glands are epithelial tissue

Front 6

What is muscular tissue

Back 6

muscles that contract and move the body

Front 7

What is nerve tissue

Back 7

carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates functions. neurons.... that make up the brain, and spinal cord

Front 8

What are organs

Back 8

a group of tissues designed to perform a specific function

Front 9

What are body systems

Back 9

group of organs acting together to perform 1 or more functions
11 major systems

Front 10

Define the skeletal system

Back 10

physical foundation of the body-provides shape, support and protection allowing the body movement, producing blood and storing minerals

Front 11

How many bones are in the body

Back 11

206

Front 12

What connects muscles to bone

Back 12

tendons

Front 13

What connects bone to bone

Back 13

ligaments

Front 14

What is bone tissue made of

Back 14

bone cells, collagenous fibers and ground substance

Front 15

What are the 2 types of joints

Back 15

movable: elbows, knees and hips
immovable:pelvis and skull

Front 16

How many bones are in the skull

Back 16

22
cranium=8
facial=14

Front 17

8 bones of the cranium

Back 17

occupital
temporal
parietal
frontal
ethmoid (spongy bone that forms part of the nasal cavity)
sphenoid (hold all the bones together)

Front 18

14 bones of the face

Back 18

nasal bones (2)
maxilla (2)
mandible (1)
zygomatic (2/malar bones)
turbinal (2)
lacrimal (2)
vomer (1)
palatine bones (2)

Front 19

What is the vomer bone

Back 19

flat thin bone that forms part of the nasal septum

Front 20

What is the lacrimal bones

Back 20

smallest and most fragile bones of the face located on the inside of the eye sockets

Front 21

What are the turbinal bones of the face

Back 21

2 spongy bone on either of the outter walls of the nasal depression

Front 22

Bones of the neck (2)

Back 22

hyoid
cervial vert (1-7)

Front 23

Bones of the chest (thorax)

Back 23

elastic bony cage
sternum, ribs, connective cartilage

Front 24

Bones of the shoulder (2)

Back 24

clavicle and scapula

Front 25

Bones of the arm and hand

Back 25

humerus
ulna-bigger bone (pinky side)
radius- smaller (thumb side)
carpus
metacarpus
phalanges

Front 26

Define the muscular system

Back 26

covers, shapes and supports the skeletal tissue
contracts and moves various parts of the body
40% of body weight
approx 600 in the body

Front 27

How many muscles are in the face

Back 27

30

Front 28

Name the 3 types of muscular tissue

Back 28

Striated
non striated
cardiac

Front 29

Define a striated muscle

Back 29

skeletal or voluntary muscles that are attached to bone that contract moving our body

Front 30

Define a nonstriated muscle

Back 30

involuntary , visceral or smooth muscles that function automacically
found in circulatoy, digestive and in other internal organs

Front 31

What are the muscles of the scalp

Back 31

epicranius-covers the skull in 2 parts
occipitalis
frontalis

Front 32

What does the occipitalis do

Back 32

draws the scalp backward

Front 33

What does the frontalis do

Back 33

raises the eyebrows and draws the forward upward

causes wrinkles in the forehead

Front 34

What is the tendon that holds the epicranius

Back 34

aponeurosis

Front 35

What are the 3 muscles of the ear

Back 35

auricularis superior(draws up)
auricularis anterior (forward)
auriculars posterior (back)

Front 36

What are the 2 muscles of chewing

Back 36

masseter
temporalis

Front 37

What are the two muscles of the neck

Back 37

platysma
sternocleidomastoideus

Front 38

What does the platysma do

Back 38

responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip

Front 39

What does the sternoclydomastoid do

Back 39

acts to rotate the head and move it up and down

Front 40

What are the 2 muscles of the eyebrow

Back 40

corrugator-draws the eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically
orbicularis oculi-closes the eyes

Front 41

What is the muscle of the nose

Back 41

procerus-causes wrinkes along the sides of the nose

Front 42

What does the buccinator do

Back 42

purses lips
flat muscle of the cheek

Front 43

What does the depressor labii inferioris do

Back 43

depresses the lower lip and draws it to the side

Front 44

What does the levator anguli oris do

Back 44

raises the angle of the mouth and draws it in

Front 45

What does the levator labii superioris do

Back 45

elevates the upper lip and dialtes the nostrils
tisk tisk

Front 46

What does the mentalis do

Back 46

elevates the lower lip and wrinkles the chin

Front 47

What is the orbicularis oris

Back 47

muscle around the lips
puckers

Front 48

What does the risorius do

Back 48

draws the corner of the mouth back in a smile

Front 49

What does the triangularis do

Back 49

pulls down the corners of the mouth in a frown

Front 50

What does the zygomaticus do

Back 50

elevates the lip as in laughing
major and minor
goes from the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth

Front 51

What are the 4 muscles that attach the arms to the body

Back 51

latissimus dorsi
pectoralis major/minor
serratus anterior
trapezius

Front 52

Where is the latissimus dorsi and what does it do

Back 52

flat, large triangular muscle that covers the lower back
(attaches to the humerus) controls the shoulder blade and the swinging movements of the arm

Front 53

What does the pectoralis major/minor do and where is it located

Back 53

assist in the swinging movements of the arm
muscles of the chest

Front 54

What does the serratus anterior

Back 54

muscle of the chest that assist in breathing and in raising the arm

Front 55

What is the trapezius muscle for

Back 55

shrugges shoulder and stabilizes the scapula
back of the neck and upper region of the back

Front 56

What are the muscles of the arm

Back 56

biceps
triceps
deltoid

Front 57

What are the tendons of the forearm and what do they do

Back 57

extensors: straighten the wrist and hand
flexors: involved in bending the wrist
pronators: rotate in
supinators: rotate outward

Front 58

Define nucleus

Back 58

dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell-important part in cell reproduction and metabolism

Front 59

Define nucleoplasm

Back 59

within the nucleus of the cell-contains DNA and proteins

Front 60

What is cytoplasm

Back 60

Is all of the protoplasm of the cell except that found in the nucleus-this watery fluid contains the food material necessary for cell growth, reproduction, and self-repair

Front 61

Define the cell membrane

Back 61

encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to pass in and out

Front 62

What % of a mans body is water
womens
infants

Back 62

60-65%
50-60%
70%

Front 63

Name several body systems

Back 63

circulatory, digestive, endocrine, excretory, integumentary, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, skeletal, lymphatic or immune

Front 64

Name several major organs

Back 64

brain, eyes, heart, kidneys, lungs, liver, skin, stomach, and intestines