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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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DNA |
stores genetic information |
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RNA subtypes |
mRNA tRNA rRNA miRNA siRNA lncRNA |
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mRNA |
transcribed from DNA and translates to proteins |
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Central Dogma |
DNA-->(transcribed)-->RNA-->(translated)-->protein |
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Elements that make up a gene |
-promoter -enhancer -exons (introns) -Splice sites: GT/AG |
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Promoter |
Position and direction dependent, where transcription starts |
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Enhancer |
Position and direction independent, and helps regulate/enhance transcription |
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Splice Sites |
at start and end of every intron |
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GT |
5' splice site, upstream, donor |
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AG |
3' splice site, downstream, acceptor |
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poly vs. mono-cistronic
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more than one protein encoded on it (humans have mono which encode one protein per mRNA) |
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Processing steps |
5' 7-meG cap 3' Poly A tail Splicing |
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5' 7meG cap |
protector and keeps end from being degraded |
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3' Poly A tail |
trim 3' end of RNNA and add AAA |
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Alternative splicing |
Proteins sit down and cover up slice, causing splice site to not be used . Allow us to make multiple products from same gene |
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Retrovirus |
RNA viruses and go from RNA to DNA and insert into genome of host Ex. Equine infectious anemia, FELV and FIV none found in dogs |
