Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How may cells communicate
|
Soluble mediators
Cell to cell interactions Cell to matrix interactions |
|
|
Cytokines
|
Soluble, small, non-immunoglobulin proteins released by living host cells that regulate host cell functions
Released in 10^-9 - 10^-12 concentrations May act as paracrine or autocrine factors Central role is remodeling of tissues Act in concert to affect biologic activity (PDGF and IGF-1) |
|
|
PDGF
|
AKA Platelet derived growth factor
Competence factor Released into wound healing environment early on during initial phase of inflammation This would causes cells to enter into the cell cycle, become competent to divide, but they couldn't progress through the cell cycle without second cytokine called IGF-1 |
|
|
IGF-1
|
AKA Insulin-like Growth Factor-1
Progression factor Present later on during wound healing Would take cells that were competent to enter the cell cycle because of PDGF's effects and allow them to progress |
|
|
VEGF
|
AKA Vascular endothelial growth factors
Promotes revascularization (angiogenesis) by communicating to endothelial cells to enter cell cycle Can be expressed by tumors to support cancer cell proliferation |
|
|
Avastin
|
AKA bevacizumab
Monoclonal antibody that inhibits angiogenesis Competitively binds to VEGF and inhibits its binding to VEGF receptors to inhibit tumor angiogenesis Starves a cancer |
|
|
Cell-Cell Interaction in Wound Healing
|
Cells communicate through cell-adhesion molecules (CAM) like:
Cadherins IgG superfamily Selectins Intergrins Ex: Homing of leukocytes by selectins Ex: epithelial cell migration during would healing by altered integrin expression |
|
|
Cell-matrix interaction in wound healing
|
Cells respond to and alter the composition of the ECM during wound healing
Ex: Fibronectin directed cell migration called haptotaxis BMP-2 can precipitate the entire bone formation cascade Enamel matrix derivative like Amelogenin and the induction of acellular cementum formation |
|
|
Cell-matrix interaction in Haptotaxis
|
Cell migration along a substrate
Fibronectin forms 3D lattice with Fibrin Fibronectin has repeating RDG unit (Arginine, Glycine, Aspartic Acid) RGD unit has ligand for Integrin expressed by PMN PMN can use integrins to migrate along RGD sequences |
|
|
BMP-2 in Cell-Matrix interactions
|
Bone morphogenic proteins (BMP)-2
Cytokine that is pre-made during synthesis of bone in the bone ECM. Osteoinductive. Induces the entire bone formation cascade Tells cells that this is the site where calcification must occur BMP-2 is added to collagen carried in product called Enfuse to induce bone formation |
|
|
Enfuse
|
Clinical product that has BMP-2 in a collagen carrier to induce bone formation
|
|
|
Hertwig's Epithelial Root Sheath involvement in cell-matrix interactions
|
HERS induces cells of dental papilla to become ondotoblasts and lay down root
Voids in HERS allows cells from dental follicle to attach and lay down acellular cementum Inner layer of HERS lays down matrix called intermediate cementum with amelogenin protein |
|
|
Emdogain
|
Enamel matrix derivative of amelogenin protein from HERS
Inductive factor for acelllular cementum formation that adheres to dentin surface and allows regeneration of bone, periodontal CT attachment apparatus, PDL, alveolar bone |
|
|
Embryonic Stem cells
|
Present in blastocysts up to 32-cell stage
Pluripotent cells that can differentiate into any cell type in the body |
|
|
Adult Stem cells
|
Present in most adult tissues.
Limited to form lineage specific tissues (limited pluripotential) Can be characterized by high mitotic rates in cell culture and expression of cell surface markers (STRO-1) |
|
|
PDL stem cells
|
Mesenchymal stem cells
Basis of novel future applications PDL stem cells express cell surface antigens similar to dental pulp stem cells and bone marrow stem cells BUT PDL stem cells express Scleraxis transcription factor characteristic of tendon cells Depending on inductive factors introduced, these cells can be pushed down different differentiation pathways |
