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105 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the steps to Cavity Preparation
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Outline form
Resistance form Retention Convenience/Access Remove Decay Cavosurface Finish Debridement |
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Outline Form
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1st Step to Cavity Preparation
It is the ideal prep shape Extend slightly into occlusal primary grooves up to the beginning of the up-slope of the cusp Maintain Marginal Ridges Maintain Oblique Ridges |
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Resistance Form
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Second Step to Cavity Prep
Form to Resist Fracture 1mm F-Li width 1.7-1.9mm deep 0.5mm into dentin Smooth pulpal floor Maintain Marginal Ridge Integrity Mesial-Distal Walls form 96 degree obtuse angle with pulpal floor |
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What angle should the mesial-distal wall create with the pulpal floor?
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93 degree obtuse angle
It is Resistance form |
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Retention
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Form to Retain Insertion
F-Li walls are parallel F and L pulpal line angles are slightly acute (87*) Supported enamel Grooves Slots Undercut |
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What should be the degree measurement of the F and L pulpal line angles?
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87 degrees acute angle
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Convenience Form
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AKA Access Form
Modify the outline form to removal all the decay |
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Remove Decay
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Use slow speed and spoon excavators
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Cavosurface Finish
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Bevel the gingival cavosurface
For amalgam restorations, don't bevel. Make butt joints |
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Debridement of Prep
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Clean up, flush out debris
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What should the depth of the cavity prep be for amalgam?
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1.7-1.9mm deep
Any less and the amalgam will fracture |
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Class I Classification of dental caries
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All pits and fissure caries
Occlusal surface of premolars and molars Occlusal 2/3 of the facial or lingual surface of premolars and molars Lingual surface of incisors |
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A patient has caries on the lingual surface of incisors. What is its classification?
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Class I
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Class II Classification of dental caries
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Proximal surfaces of posterior teeth affected with caries
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What is the outline prep of Class II Caries
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1/4 up cusps
1/3 up grooves 0.25 into embrasure (enough to see light) 2mm from other proximal Proximal box tapes gingivo-occlusally (diverges occlusal-gingivally) There is gingival extension |
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What is the resistance form of Class II Cavity Prep?
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Flat pulpal and gingival floor
2mm deep pulpal floor (0.5mm into dentin) 1mm deep axial wall for premolar 1.3mm deep axial wall for molar 2mm marginal ridge other side Bevel axial-pulpal line angle Convex axial wall (follows shape of tooth) |
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Beveling the axial-pulpal line angle falls under what step?
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Resistance Form
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Tapering/diverging the facial and lingual walls of dentin falls under what step?
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Retention Form
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What is the angle of the cavosurface margin for composite?
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45*
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What is the angle of the cavosurface margin for Amalgam?
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No beveling
Make butt joints Only bevel gingival extension of class II preps |
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Class III Classification of dental caries
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Proximal surface of Anteriors is affected with caries
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Class IV Classification of dental caries
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Proximal surface and Incisal angle of Anteriors affected with caries
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Class V Classification of dental caries
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Gingival 1/3 of all teeth, facial and lingual affected with caries
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Class VI Classification of dental caries
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Cusp tips and incisal edges affected with caries
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What is the Resistance form for Class III
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Axial wall is 0.5mm into dentin
1.0mm at gingival wall 1.5mm at incisal wall |
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What is the Retention form for Class III preps
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Acid-etch only
Retention groove placed in dentin only at incisal and gingival line angle |
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What is the Retention form for Class V preps
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Retention grooves are placed on incisal and gingival wall for amalgam
For composite, retention grooves placed in cementum only |
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What is the most frequent maxillary cusp to fracture?
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Maxillary Mesial Facial Cusp
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What is the most frequent mandibular cusp to fracture?
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1st Mandibular Mesial Lingual Cusp
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What is the length of the 1556 but
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3.8mm cutting length
0.8mm diameter |
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What is the cutting length and diameter of the 330 burr?
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2mm cutting length
0.8mm diameter |
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What does the numbering on rectilinear instruments signify?
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1st number: width of blade (tenth of a millimeter)
2nd number: Angle the cutting edge makes with handle 3rd number: Length of blade (millimeters) 4th number: Angle entire blade makes with handle |
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Which instrument has a blade parallel to the handle?
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Hatchet
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Which instrument has a blade perpendicular to the handle?
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Hoe
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How far must the matrix band extend above the marginal ridge?
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1mm
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Antisialogogues
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Reduces salivary flow
Used to control operating field Consists of atropine sulfate, belladonnas, scopalamine, valium |
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What is the maximum depth for curing?
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2mm
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What are the steps to placing composite?
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Pumice
Rinse Air Dry Acid Etch Rinse Air Dry Bonding Spread with air Light Cure Place Composite Cure in 2mm increments Polish |
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What is in Amalgam?
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Mercury with Silver-Tin
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What contributes to mechanical reinforcement and corrosion resistance in amalgam
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Unreated Silver-Tin alloy
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High copper amalgam classification
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Better for corrosion
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Zinc Amalgam Classification
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Better for corrosion
But water causes expansion of material contributing to tooth fracture |
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What does under triturating amalgam cause
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Crumbly and dull material
It sets slowly |
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What does over triturating amalgam cause?
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Shiny mass that sticks to capsule
Too plastic Sets rapidly |
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What is the working time of amalgam
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3-4minutes
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How much tooth structure is removed during acid etching?
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5 microns
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Acid Etch
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Leaves collagen exposed
Leaves dried odontoblast processes Removes smear layer |
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What are some causes to Class V caries?
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Root exposed to oral environment
Diet Inadequate oral hygiene Lack of access Removable prosthesis Smoking Alcoholism Drug Use Xerostomia |
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Erosion
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Loss of cervical tooth structure due to acid dissolution
Disc-shaped smooth loss of tooth |
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What could a disk-shaped smooth loss of tooth structure be associated with?
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Erosion
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Abfraction
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Loss of cervical tooth structure due to occlusal load
Sharp V-shaped loss of tooth structure |
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What could a V-shaped, sharp loss of tooth structure be associated with?
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Abfraction
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Abrasion
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Loss of cervical tooth structure due to an abrasive like toothbrush
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For smooth surface caries, where is the base of the triangle?
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Base (peak) of triangle is at DEJ
When it hits dentin, base/peak of triangle is at pulp |
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For non-smooth surface caries (occlusal), where is the base of the triangle?
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Base/peak of triangle is at occlusal
When it hits dentin, base/peak of triangle is at pulp |
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Where do lesions generally begin in Class III lesions?
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Gingival to contact area
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What is the proper quadrant isolation of rubber dam
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Required to do 8 teeth minimum
Anterior = 1st premolar to 1st premolar Posterior = 2nd molar to opposite central incisor |
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Which walls of the cavity prep communicate with the outside of the tooth?
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External walls
Mesial/Distal Facial and Lingual walls Gingival Floor |
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Why should shade of composite be selected before rubber dam is placed
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Rubber dam may interfere with the shade of the tooth
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Why will the incisal/occlusal wall depth be slightly greater than the gingival in Class V preps
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You take into account enamel thickness
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If an amalgam prep is half on enamel and half on cementum, what gets beveled?
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None. Never bevel an amalgam prep
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If a composite prep is entirely on cementum, where do you bevel?
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Nothing. Butt joints all around
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What is the point of bevelling
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You bevel on enamel to expose more of the enamel rods
Therefore you cannot distinguish the composite |
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Why do you turn the drill at an angle on Mandibular 1st Premolar?
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The occlusal floor is angled
Lingual cusp is so small that you want to preserve it Prevents fracture of pulp |
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Why is the outline form extended into the primary grooves up to the beginning of the upslope of the cusp?
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It places the margins of the amalgam in an area that is accessible to tooth brushing and less susceptible to plaque accumulation
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Why is the axio-pulpal line angle beveled?
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A sharp line angle would create excessive stress on the amalgam leading to potential fracture of the restoration
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Fluorosis
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Excess fluoride during enamel formation
In mild forms, its seen as white spots In progressive form it is seen as stained brown spots |
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What does arrested decay look like
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Goes from soft and dull to hard and shiny
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Why do you precarve burnish amalgam restoration
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It produces denser amalgam at the margins of occlusal preps
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A cavity in the lingual prep of tooth 7 is considered what classification of caries
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Class I
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What step does beveling the axial-pulpal line angle fall under
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Resistance Form
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What could fracture of the isthmus of a class II amalgam restoration be attributed to?
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Shallow prep
high occlusion Narrow occlusal prep in buccal and lingual directions |
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What are indications for sealant placement
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no clinical or radiographic evidence of interproximal caries
stained pits and fissures deep retentive pits and fissures |
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Which tooth surface enamel etching pattern results in the highest bond strength for sealants
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Type I
Type II Type III All are equivalent |
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What is the most critical aspect of sealant application to etched enamel
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Control of moisture
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What can sealant retention be most enhanced by?
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Dentin bonding agent application and then sealant
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What happens to caries if sealed from external environment
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It will not progress
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Which is the most prominent pulp horn in primary molar teeth?
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Mesiobuccal
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Where should retentive grooves be placed on a Class V amalgam prep that is half on enamel and half on root surface
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Both on incisal and gingival aspects
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Pot holes placed in the gingival floor of a class II amalgam enhance which step of cavity preparation
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Retention form
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What are some characteristics of primary teeth?
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Greater constriction of crown at CEJ
More prominent cervical constriction Broader, flatter contact areas Larger pulp in relation to crowns |
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What can excessive gingival extension lead to in the crowns of primary teeth
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Because they have greater constriction, it can lead to less of gingival floor of prep
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#13A Clamp
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Mandibular Left Molars
& Maxillary Right Molars |
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#12A Clamp
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Mandibular Right Molars
& Maxillary Left Molars |
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#7 Clamp
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Mandibular Molars
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#4 Clamp
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Small Maxillary premolars
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#2A Clamp
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Smaller premolars
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#2 Clamp
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Large premolars
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#9 Clamp
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Anterior teeth for Class V
= butterfly clamp |
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What three elements is plaque formation made up?
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Saliva, bacteria, and diet
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What is the name of the physical characteristic of enamel that is an anti-crack property?
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Decussation (crossing over) of enamel rods
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Is bonding to enamel mechanical, chemical or both?
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Mechanical to both dentin and enamel
Bonding to dentin is also chemical since organic smear layer is etched off |
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What's the last succedaneous tooth to erupt?
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Maxillary canines
Maxillary second premolars Mandibular second premolars AT age 11-12 yrs |
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Which steps can preserving the marginal ridge fall under?
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Outline form
& Resistance form |
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Where would the proximal box be located when restoring tooth #13 on the mesial
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Near the mesio-facial line angle of the tooth
Not in alignment with the groove because proximal box is dictated by contat |
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What instrument do you use for a mesial bevel?
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2nd number is 83
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What instrument do you use for a distal bevel?
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2nd number is 97
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Which direction do the enamel rods go in the gingival third of crowns of primary teeth
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They go in the occlusal direction from DEJ therefore there is no need to bevel.
(In adults they go occlusal to gingivally therefore they need to be beveled) |
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What is the color comparison of primary teeth to permanent
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Primary teeth are white than permanent
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Centric Occlusion
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You have maximum intercuspation
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Smear Layer
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Debris-laden surface cause by a rotary instrument
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Which cusp of a mandibular second molar does not function in centric occlusion
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ML cusp
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Why is dam inversion important?
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Prevents negative pressure from sulcular fluid
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What is the best suited instrument to smooth the pulpal floor for an amalgam prep
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Hoe
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Decussating of Enamel Rods
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Provide a structure that limits cracks from DEJ to enamel surface
Limits cracks to being parallel to the incisal/occlusal plane |
