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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Improvements in microscope technology allowed people to see microorganisms in water |
1830s
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First Cholera epidemic in British towns. Kills rich and poor.
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1831—1832
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Edwin Chadwick published his ‘Report into the Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population’, suggesting poor people lived in filthy conditions which caused a huge amount of ill health and death, This meant people were too sick to work. He suggested better quality housing, improved drainage, etc, would mean less sick workers, leading to economic improvement.
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1842
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Chadwick’s report led to the first government law on Public Health. The Public Health Act. Towns are told to clean up, but they were not forced to. Many people are opposed to it.
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1848
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More cholera outbreaks. John Snow begins to realise cholera is not spread through air
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1849
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Compulsory smallpox vaccination introduced by government
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1853
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John Snow proves cholera is spread through dirty water through his work around the Broad Street Pump in London
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1854
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Joseph Bazalgette starts to build London’s sewers |
1856
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The Great Stink in London– hot summer, foul smelling river Thames got right up the noses of the MPs in the new Houses of Parliament
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1858
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Pasteur publishes his Germ Theory, proving the link between bacteria/germs and disease
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1861
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Most poor working men get the vote
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1867
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A law is passed to improve or demolish slum housing
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1868
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Artisans Dwelling Act makes it law that landlords keep their properties in good condition and allows councils to demolish homes that are not
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1875
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Food and Drugs Act attempts to tighten up on food that is sold to try and ensure it is fit to eat
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1875
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2nd Public Health Act—this one is compulsory, towns must keep streets clean, provide decent sewers, etc. Towns can charge taxes to pay for these improvements, but they must happen. It is no longer optional.
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1875
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River Pollution Prevention Act makes it illegal for factories to dump their waste, including chemicals, into rivers |
1876
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The Labour Party had been set up to represent the needs of working men. The Liberal Party realised they would need to make changes if they were to get any working class votes. Also, a new breed of Liberal MPs, especially Lloyd George, genuinely wanted to do something to improve the lives of the poor.
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1900
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Britain was involved in the Boer War. The government/army was shocked to discover two-thirds of men who volunteered to fight failed the fitness tests
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1901
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Free school dinners for children in need
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1906
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Education Authorities had to provide medical checks for school children and later clinics
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1907
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Punishments could be given to people (parents/ employers) neglecting or treating children cruelly |
1908
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Government funded pension. Old people over 70 with no other income would get 5 shillings a week. This made a dramatic difference to their lives, but taxes were put up to pay for it—not popular with the rich
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1908
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Labour Exchanges set up by government to help unemployed find work (a bit like Job Centres today)
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1909
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National Insurance Act—Part 1) This was a really important Act— It provided unemployment pay (dole) for 15 weeks in return for two and a half pence a week
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1911
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National Insurance Act—Part 2) This was a really important Act—Free medical treatment and sick pay if workers were ill, in return for a payment of 4 pence a week.
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1911
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