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86 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
No salivary glands seen in a scan is what disease?
Sjogren's
After 1-8 swallows what % of the RP should be gone in a normal esophageal trasit scan?
90% gone is normal TT
Normal results of a reflux study
less than 5% reflux
Normal gastric emptying times for solids and liquids
Solids 60-110 minutes
Liquids 10-45 min
What does normal distribution look like in a liver scan?
Homogenous
What cells take up the liver and what method is used?
Kupffer (RE) cells
phagocytosis
Normal varient's seen in a liver scan
Reidel's lobe (R is skinny)
Porta hepatis (on R lobe)
Acute cholycystitis is when the gallbladder doesn't show up within ____ hrs? Chronic is when it shows up between _____ hours?
Acute> 4 hrs.
Chronic 2-4 hrs.
IF RP is seen in the liver only what does this indicate?
ductal obstruction
What is a normal EF for a gallbladder?
>35%
What is seen when a Meckel's diverticulum scan is postive?
ectopic gastric mucosa (not blood)
Dose and RP for a salivary gland scan?
For infection?
1-5 mCi Sodium pertechnetate
1 mCI Ga-67
Dose and RP for an Esophageal transit scan?
300 uCi Tc-SC
(w/15ml H20)
Dose and RP for an esophageual reflux scan?
300 uCi Tc-SC
(w/150ml OJ & 150ml HCl)
Dose and RP for a gastric emptying scan?
Liquids
Solids
Liquids- 500 uCi 111-In-DTPA
(w/300ml water)

Solids- 1 mCi Tc-SC
(w/eggs)
Dose and RP for a liver/spleen scan?
Hemangioma?
5-10 mCi Tc-SC/AC

5-10 mCi Tc-RBC's
Dose and RP for a gallbladder scan?
5 mCi Tc-IDA
10 mCi Tc-IDA (high bilirubin)
Amount of CCK and morphine for EF part of scan?
0.02 mg CCK/kg body wt
0.04 mg morphine/kg body wt.
Dose and RP for a GI bleed?
20 mCi Tc-RBC's (preferred)
20 mCi Tc-SC/AC
Dose and RP for a Meckel's diverticulum scan?
10-15 mCi sodium pertechnetate
Another name for DISIDA is?
Hepatolite
Anotehr name for mebrofenin?
Choletec
Indications for salivary gland scan?
Xerostomia (dry mouth)
Size, location, fxn of glands
How many salivary glands are there?
3 pairs
Name the three salivary glands
1. Parotids (primary set)
2. Submandibular
3. Sublingual
3 purposes for the alimentary canal
1. route to intake nourishment
2. digest/absorb nutrients
3. eliminate waste
Patient position for salivary scan?
Seated, facing camera, head tilted back
Ga-67 half life and energies
78 h
93, 184, 300
A muscular tube 20cm long used to transport food bolus via peristalsis
esophagus
Where does the esophagus start and end?
C6-T10
What types of muscle are in the proximal 1/3 and distal 1/3 of the esophagus?
Proximal-striated
Distal- smooth
Tc99m- SC energy and half life
140kev, 6 hours
Pt prep for ETS? esophageal transit study
8 hr fast
pt position for ETS?
supine
At rest the esophagus is ?
collapsed
Formula for ETS
Ct= Eso. Max- Eso. TT
---------------------------
Eso. Max x100
Esophageal reflux study pt prep (ERS)?
pt position?
4 hr fast
upright or standing
Amount of pressure binder is inflated to start for ERS?
20mm/Hg increase every 30s for imaging
Pt prep gastric emptying
8 hr fast
In-111 DTPA half life and energies
2.8 days
171 & 245
A J-shaped muscular pouch
Stomach
3 roles of stomach
1. reservoir for food
2. breaks down solid foods
3. controls emptying rate for gastric contents
food combined with gastric juice forms what semiliquid mixture?
Chyme
3 regions of the stomach
1. Fundus (top)
2. Corpus (middle)
3. Antrum (bottom)
The proximal part of stomach controls the emptying rate, what is the job of the distal portion?
prime propeller of food, ginder and sieve of solid food (3 contractions/min)
Main determinant of liquid gastric emptying rate is?
Volume
The gastric emptying curve is what shape?
Sigmoidal
Dumping syndrome symptoms?
anxiety, weakness, dizziness, tachycardia, sweating, flushing
Whole bunch of GI distruptions is called?
Dyspepsia
What size/volume meal should be given?
about 300g
Images for Gastric emptying scan?
ANT 60s q 15 minutes for 1-3 hrs.
Where is the liver located? the spleen?
Liver -RUQ
Spleen- LUQ
Which liver lobe generally larger?
Right
Hepatocytes convert bilirubin to ?
bile
route of bile travel form liver to gallblader
common hepatic-> common cystic ->common bile -> ampulla of Vader -> duodenum
Indications for liver/spleen scan
size, configurations, position of liver
evaluate mets
RP sizes for Tc-SC in liver
0.3-1 um
breakdown % localization of liver RP to 3 different regions
1. 85% liver (med/small particles)
2. 10-15% spleen (large)
3. 0-5% bone marrow (small)
contrindications for liver scan?
Previous barium/iodine scan within last several days -it can attenuate the photons
How long to wait between injection and scan for liver?
10minutes
30m if known liver disease
What views taken of liver if not done tomo?
ANT w/ marker, ANT/POST, Lats, ANT obliques, POST obliques for 750k counts
What is the most common benign tumor of the liver?
Hemangioma
Pear shaped organ 7-10cm long?
gallbladder
what organ stores and concentrates bile?
gallbladder
Useful in breakdown and emulsification of fats
bile
If RP is seen concentrated in the bone marrow more than the liver in a liver scan this indicates what?
Severe liver disease
Enlarged liver is indicitive of what?
Hepatitis
Liver tumors appear as?
photopenic areas
Infusion rate for CCK?
3 minutes then image for 30 more minutes
Morphine does what to the sphincter of Oddi? What does this do?
Contracts the sphincter allowing the bile to reflux to the gallbladder
(gb will show in 20m if chrnic not acute)
Pt prep for HIDA scan?
NPO 2-24 hrs. (after midnight)
When are what organs seen in a gallbladder scan?
liver, bile ducts, gb and bowel
liver- 5m
bile ducts- 15m
bowel- 30m
gb- 45 m
gb/bowel-60m
EF formula for gallbladder
EF= preCCK-postCCK/preCCK
all x100
Most common intestinal scan?
GI bleed
Meckel's diverticulum usually seen in what type of patient?
pediatric
Major job of large intestine is?
small intestine?
large- Reabsorption of water
small- digestion/absorption nutrients
3 parts of small intestine
1. duodenum
2. jejunum
3. ileum
most Meckel's diverticulum are located?
in the ileum within 1m of ileocecal valve
Slow intermittent bleeds are most common with GI bleeds. What is the best RP to image this type of bleed?
Tc-RBC's
Tc-SC gives a better contrast between bleeding and background so why is it not chosen for intermittent bleeds?
Tc-SC washeds out of the system too quickly, best for active bleeding only
2 methods to label Tc-RBC's for a GI bleed study
1. in-vitro
(w/draw RBC's, label, reinject)
2. in-vivo
(inject cold PYP and wait 20-30m then inject Tc)
GI bleed normal organs/vessels seen?
organs- liver, heart, spleen, kidneys, bladder

vessels- aorta, IVC, portal, splenic & femoral veins
How to tell if Tc-SC is used instead of RBC's?
in Tc-SC uptake will be seen in bone marrow, but not if using RBC's
Meckels scan normal organs are the same as GI bleed except which organ should not be seen with meckels?
spleen
What is bile?
erythrocyte breakdown and hepatocyte metabolism
Cholecycstokinin (CCK) synthetic?
Sincalide (kinevac)