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86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
No salivary glands seen in a scan is what disease?
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Sjogren's
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After 1-8 swallows what % of the RP should be gone in a normal esophageal trasit scan?
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90% gone is normal TT
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Normal results of a reflux study
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less than 5% reflux
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Normal gastric emptying times for solids and liquids
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Solids 60-110 minutes
Liquids 10-45 min |
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What does normal distribution look like in a liver scan?
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Homogenous
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What cells take up the liver and what method is used?
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Kupffer (RE) cells
phagocytosis |
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Normal varient's seen in a liver scan
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Reidel's lobe (R is skinny)
Porta hepatis (on R lobe) |
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Acute cholycystitis is when the gallbladder doesn't show up within ____ hrs? Chronic is when it shows up between _____ hours?
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Acute> 4 hrs.
Chronic 2-4 hrs. |
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IF RP is seen in the liver only what does this indicate?
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ductal obstruction
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What is a normal EF for a gallbladder?
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>35%
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What is seen when a Meckel's diverticulum scan is postive?
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ectopic gastric mucosa (not blood)
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Dose and RP for a salivary gland scan?
For infection? |
1-5 mCi Sodium pertechnetate
1 mCI Ga-67 |
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Dose and RP for an Esophageal transit scan?
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300 uCi Tc-SC
(w/15ml H20) |
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Dose and RP for an esophageual reflux scan?
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300 uCi Tc-SC
(w/150ml OJ & 150ml HCl) |
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Dose and RP for a gastric emptying scan?
Liquids Solids |
Liquids- 500 uCi 111-In-DTPA
(w/300ml water) Solids- 1 mCi Tc-SC (w/eggs) |
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Dose and RP for a liver/spleen scan?
Hemangioma? |
5-10 mCi Tc-SC/AC
5-10 mCi Tc-RBC's |
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Dose and RP for a gallbladder scan?
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5 mCi Tc-IDA
10 mCi Tc-IDA (high bilirubin) |
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Amount of CCK and morphine for EF part of scan?
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0.02 mg CCK/kg body wt
0.04 mg morphine/kg body wt. |
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Dose and RP for a GI bleed?
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20 mCi Tc-RBC's (preferred)
20 mCi Tc-SC/AC |
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Dose and RP for a Meckel's diverticulum scan?
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10-15 mCi sodium pertechnetate
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Another name for DISIDA is?
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Hepatolite
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Anotehr name for mebrofenin?
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Choletec
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Indications for salivary gland scan?
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Xerostomia (dry mouth)
Size, location, fxn of glands |
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How many salivary glands are there?
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3 pairs
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Name the three salivary glands
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1. Parotids (primary set)
2. Submandibular 3. Sublingual |
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3 purposes for the alimentary canal
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1. route to intake nourishment
2. digest/absorb nutrients 3. eliminate waste |
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Patient position for salivary scan?
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Seated, facing camera, head tilted back
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Ga-67 half life and energies
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78 h
93, 184, 300 |
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A muscular tube 20cm long used to transport food bolus via peristalsis
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esophagus
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Where does the esophagus start and end?
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C6-T10
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What types of muscle are in the proximal 1/3 and distal 1/3 of the esophagus?
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Proximal-striated
Distal- smooth |
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Tc99m- SC energy and half life
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140kev, 6 hours
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Pt prep for ETS? esophageal transit study
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8 hr fast
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pt position for ETS?
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supine
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At rest the esophagus is ?
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collapsed
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Formula for ETS
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Ct= Eso. Max- Eso. TT
--------------------------- Eso. Max x100 |
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Esophageal reflux study pt prep (ERS)?
pt position? |
4 hr fast
upright or standing |
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Amount of pressure binder is inflated to start for ERS?
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20mm/Hg increase every 30s for imaging
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Pt prep gastric emptying
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8 hr fast
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In-111 DTPA half life and energies
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2.8 days
171 & 245 |
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A J-shaped muscular pouch
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Stomach
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3 roles of stomach
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1. reservoir for food
2. breaks down solid foods 3. controls emptying rate for gastric contents |
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food combined with gastric juice forms what semiliquid mixture?
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Chyme
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3 regions of the stomach
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1. Fundus (top)
2. Corpus (middle) 3. Antrum (bottom) |
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The proximal part of stomach controls the emptying rate, what is the job of the distal portion?
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prime propeller of food, ginder and sieve of solid food (3 contractions/min)
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Main determinant of liquid gastric emptying rate is?
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Volume
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The gastric emptying curve is what shape?
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Sigmoidal
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Dumping syndrome symptoms?
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anxiety, weakness, dizziness, tachycardia, sweating, flushing
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Whole bunch of GI distruptions is called?
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Dyspepsia
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What size/volume meal should be given?
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about 300g
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Images for Gastric emptying scan?
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ANT 60s q 15 minutes for 1-3 hrs.
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Where is the liver located? the spleen?
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Liver -RUQ
Spleen- LUQ |
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Which liver lobe generally larger?
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Right
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Hepatocytes convert bilirubin to ?
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bile
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route of bile travel form liver to gallblader
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common hepatic-> common cystic ->common bile -> ampulla of Vader -> duodenum
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Indications for liver/spleen scan
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size, configurations, position of liver
evaluate mets |
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RP sizes for Tc-SC in liver
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0.3-1 um
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breakdown % localization of liver RP to 3 different regions
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1. 85% liver (med/small particles)
2. 10-15% spleen (large) 3. 0-5% bone marrow (small) |
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contrindications for liver scan?
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Previous barium/iodine scan within last several days -it can attenuate the photons
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How long to wait between injection and scan for liver?
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10minutes
30m if known liver disease |
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What views taken of liver if not done tomo?
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ANT w/ marker, ANT/POST, Lats, ANT obliques, POST obliques for 750k counts
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What is the most common benign tumor of the liver?
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Hemangioma
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Pear shaped organ 7-10cm long?
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gallbladder
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what organ stores and concentrates bile?
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gallbladder
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Useful in breakdown and emulsification of fats
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bile
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If RP is seen concentrated in the bone marrow more than the liver in a liver scan this indicates what?
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Severe liver disease
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Enlarged liver is indicitive of what?
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Hepatitis
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Liver tumors appear as?
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photopenic areas
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Infusion rate for CCK?
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3 minutes then image for 30 more minutes
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Morphine does what to the sphincter of Oddi? What does this do?
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Contracts the sphincter allowing the bile to reflux to the gallbladder
(gb will show in 20m if chrnic not acute) |
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Pt prep for HIDA scan?
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NPO 2-24 hrs. (after midnight)
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When are what organs seen in a gallbladder scan?
liver, bile ducts, gb and bowel |
liver- 5m
bile ducts- 15m bowel- 30m gb- 45 m gb/bowel-60m |
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EF formula for gallbladder
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EF= preCCK-postCCK/preCCK
all x100 |
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Most common intestinal scan?
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GI bleed
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Meckel's diverticulum usually seen in what type of patient?
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pediatric
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Major job of large intestine is?
small intestine? |
large- Reabsorption of water
small- digestion/absorption nutrients |
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3 parts of small intestine
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1. duodenum
2. jejunum 3. ileum |
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most Meckel's diverticulum are located?
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in the ileum within 1m of ileocecal valve
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Slow intermittent bleeds are most common with GI bleeds. What is the best RP to image this type of bleed?
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Tc-RBC's
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Tc-SC gives a better contrast between bleeding and background so why is it not chosen for intermittent bleeds?
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Tc-SC washeds out of the system too quickly, best for active bleeding only
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2 methods to label Tc-RBC's for a GI bleed study
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1. in-vitro
(w/draw RBC's, label, reinject) 2. in-vivo (inject cold PYP and wait 20-30m then inject Tc) |
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GI bleed normal organs/vessels seen?
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organs- liver, heart, spleen, kidneys, bladder
vessels- aorta, IVC, portal, splenic & femoral veins |
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How to tell if Tc-SC is used instead of RBC's?
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in Tc-SC uptake will be seen in bone marrow, but not if using RBC's
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Meckels scan normal organs are the same as GI bleed except which organ should not be seen with meckels?
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spleen
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What is bile?
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erythrocyte breakdown and hepatocyte metabolism
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Cholecycstokinin (CCK) synthetic?
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Sincalide (kinevac)
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