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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The paraxial somites break down into dermomyotome and scllerotome, dermamyotome into dermatome and myotome. What does myotome break down into? which is innervated by the dorsal and ventral ramus and what are the anterior abdominal muscles derived from?
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Epimere (Dorsal) - Extensor muscle of the back, Hypomere (Ventral) - Anterior abdominal muscles
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What does the processus vaginalis do in development and if left potent what does it predispose to?
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It lead the way and guides the testis through the inguinal canal into the scrotum
If patent it predispose to indirect inguinal hernia |
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Which germ layer and its sub division create the mesenteries?
- Think about the folding and pinching of the yolk sac |
Splanchnic mesoderm
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Stomach rotation and expansion achieves what? 4 thing
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1. Formation of the Greater omentum
2. Greater and lesser curvatures - puts pyloric and cardiac sphincters on horizontal planes 3. Rapid change leads to the C-shape of the duodenum 4. Put the vagus nerves posterior and anterior |
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What do the dorsal and ventral mesenteries become?
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Ventral - Falciform ligament and lesser omentum
Dorsal - G.omentum, lienorenal (spl -> kid), gastrolienal ligaments, mesocolon, mesogastrium and mesentery proper |
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What are the fore, mid and hind gut boundaries and their blood supplies and innervation?
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Fore (Celiac Truck - vagus)- Mouth -> 1st part of the duodenum
Mid (SMA - Vagus para - superior mesenterix plexus symp)- 2nd part (mark by the ampulla of vater) -> 2/3 transverse colon Hind gut (IMA - pelvic S2-4 para - inferior mesenteric plexus symp) - Distal 1/3 of transverse colon -> anus (pectinate line - Hindgut-proctoduem junction) |
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Why is the splenic artery tortuous?
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Stomach rotation
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How many 90 degree rotations does the mid gut do and around what structure as its axis?
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3 - in a anticlockwise fashion around the SMA putting the colon over the duodenum - Reverse rotation puts it under the duodenum
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The reminant of the yolk sac can persist (vitelline duct) what complications can this lead to?
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Vitelline fistula - communication of the ileum with the umbilicus
Vitelline cyst Meckel's diverticula |
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Meckel's 5 rules of 2, what are they?
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2% population
2 feet from ileocaecal valve 2:1 male:female ratio 2inchs long Ususally deteched in under 2yrs |
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Congenital defects of the abdominal wall:
Hernia like, but no skin covering? Failure of closure of the anterior abdominal wall? |
Exomphalos
Gastroschisis |
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The cloacal mesoderm forms a septum cuadally which fuses with the........ What does this septum seperate?
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Fuses with the Urorectal sinus which seperates the urogenital sinus and anal rectal canal.
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Below the pectinate line (lower 1/3 of the anal canal) we have somatic control (hopefully) of the external anal sphincter, which nerve and artery supply this lower 1/3?
Hard - Also lymph drainage is different, how? |
Pudendal artery and nerve (S2-4)
Lymph node above pectinate drain into the internal iliac nodes, below into the superficial nodes |