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13 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
The paraxial somites break down into dermomyotome and scllerotome, dermamyotome into dermatome and myotome. What does myotome break down into? which is innervated by the dorsal and ventral ramus and what are the anterior abdominal muscles derived from?
Epimere (Dorsal) - Extensor muscle of the back, Hypomere (Ventral) - Anterior abdominal muscles
What does the processus vaginalis do in development and if left potent what does it predispose to?
It lead the way and guides the testis through the inguinal canal into the scrotum
If patent it predispose to indirect inguinal hernia
Which germ layer and its sub division create the mesenteries?
- Think about the folding and pinching of the yolk sac
Splanchnic mesoderm
Stomach rotation and expansion achieves what? 4 thing
1. Formation of the Greater omentum
2. Greater and lesser curvatures - puts pyloric and cardiac sphincters on horizontal planes
3. Rapid change leads to the C-shape of the duodenum
4. Put the vagus nerves posterior and anterior
What do the dorsal and ventral mesenteries become?
Ventral - Falciform ligament and lesser omentum
Dorsal - G.omentum, lienorenal (spl -> kid), gastrolienal ligaments, mesocolon, mesogastrium and mesentery proper
What are the fore, mid and hind gut boundaries and their blood supplies and innervation?
Fore (Celiac Truck - vagus)- Mouth -> 1st part of the duodenum
Mid (SMA - Vagus para - superior mesenterix plexus symp)- 2nd part (mark by the ampulla of vater) -> 2/3 transverse colon
Hind gut (IMA - pelvic S2-4 para - inferior mesenteric plexus symp) - Distal 1/3 of transverse colon -> anus (pectinate line - Hindgut-proctoduem junction)
Why is the splenic artery tortuous?
Stomach rotation
How many 90 degree rotations does the mid gut do and around what structure as its axis?
3 - in a anticlockwise fashion around the SMA putting the colon over the duodenum - Reverse rotation puts it under the duodenum
The reminant of the yolk sac can persist (vitelline duct) what complications can this lead to?
Vitelline fistula - communication of the ileum with the umbilicus
Vitelline cyst
Meckel's diverticula
Meckel's 5 rules of 2, what are they?
2% population
2 feet from ileocaecal valve
2:1 male:female ratio
2inchs long
Ususally deteched in under 2yrs
Congenital defects of the abdominal wall:
Hernia like, but no skin covering?
Failure of closure of the anterior abdominal wall?
Exomphalos
Gastroschisis
The cloacal mesoderm forms a septum cuadally which fuses with the........ What does this septum seperate?
Fuses with the Urorectal sinus which seperates the urogenital sinus and anal rectal canal.
Below the pectinate line (lower 1/3 of the anal canal) we have somatic control (hopefully) of the external anal sphincter, which nerve and artery supply this lower 1/3?
Hard - Also lymph drainage is different, how?
Pudendal artery and nerve (S2-4)
Lymph node above pectinate drain into the internal iliac nodes, below into the superficial nodes