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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
embryonic gut region of celiac artery? structures supplied?
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foregut - stomach to proximal duodenum; liver, gallbladder, pancreas
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embryonic gut region of SMA? structures supplied?
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midgut - distal duodenum to proximal 2/3 of transverse colon
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embryonic gut region of IMA? structures supplied?
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hindgut - distal 1/3 of transverse colon to upper portion of rectum
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stomach reveives main blood supply from what?
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branches of celiac trunk
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nerve that provides the parasympathetic preganglionic innervation to the internal anal sphincter and carries the sensory afferent information from the rectum to the spinal cord?
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pelvic nerve
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nerve that carries the somatic efferent input to the external anal sphincter?
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pudendal nerve
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near complete abscence of muscle tone and peristalsis in esophagus is charcteristic of what disease?
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scleroderma
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anemia and atrophic glossitis are associated with what?
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esophageal webs in Plummer-Vinson syndrome
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hourglass shaped stomach within thoracic cavity?
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sliding hiatal hernia
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masssively dilated esophagus/megaesophagus?
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Chagas' disease
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2/3 of primary sclerosing cholangitis patients have a history of what?
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ulcerative colitis
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moderately dilated intrahepatic bile ducts and stricture in the bile duct at the porta hepatis?
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primary sclerosing cholangitis
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agents most commonly used to treat traveler's diarrhea?
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fluoroquinolones - e.g. ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and norfloxacin; TMP/SMX in kids
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inferior rectal nerve is a direct branch of what nerve?
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pudendal
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branches of second, third, and fourth sacral nerves that carry preganglionic parasympathetic nerves to several pelvic organs
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pelvic splanchnic nerves
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nerve that is a branch of the sacral plexus that exits through the greater sciatic foramen and innervates the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fascia latae muscles
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superior gluteal nerve
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inflammatory bowel disease causing fistula?
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Crohn's
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narcotic of choice for treatment of acute cholecystitis?
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meperidine
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in acute cholecysitis, where does a biliary stone become lodged?
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cystic duct
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artery that supplies the proximal lesser curvature?
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left gastric artery
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artery that supplies the proximal greater curvature below the splenic artery?
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left gastroepiploic artery
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artery that supplies the distal greater curvature
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right gastroepiloic artery
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artery that suplies the proximal greater curvature above the splenic artery?
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short gastric artery
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artery that supplies the distal lesser curvature?
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right gastric artery
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severe, acute RUQ pain; bloody diarrhea, liver lesions?
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entamoeba histolytica
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in what region of the liver is the P450 system located?
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pericentral vein zone - most sensitive to injury
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potential complication of ruptured pancreatic pseudocyst?
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intestinal hemorrhage - contains pancreatic juices and lysed blood
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important cause of mini-epidemics of pediatric diarrhea?
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Yersinia enterocolitica
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esophageal varices occur at what portal-systemic anastamosis?
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left gastric - azygous
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external hemorrhoids occur at what portal-systemic anastamosis?
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superior - inferior rectal veins
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caput medusae occurs at what portal-systemic anastamosis?
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paraumbilical - inferior epigastric
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name the layers of the gut wall from inside to outside
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mucosa
submucosa muscularis externa serosa/adventitia |
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what does the mucosa of the gut wall contain?
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epithelium (absorption)
lamina propria (support) muscularis mucosa (mucosal motility) |
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what does the submucosa contain/do?
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submucosal nerve plexus (Meissner's); controls Secretions, blood flow, and absorption
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what does the muscularis externa contain/do?
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outer longitudinal layer, inner circular layer, Myenteric nerve plexus (Auerbach's) controls Motility
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where is Auerbach's plexus located?
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between inner and outer layers (longitudinal and circular) of smooth muscle in GI tract wall (also called Myenteric plexus)
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where is Meissner's plexus located?
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between mucosa and inner layer of smooth muscle in GI tract wall
(also called submucosal plexus) |
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hypertrophy of Brunner's glands is seen when?
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in peptic ulcer disease
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these secrete alkaline mucus to neutralize acid contents entering the duodenum from the stomach
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Brunner's glands
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what cells take up antigen in Peyer's patch?
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M cells - then stimulated cells leave and travel through lymph and blood to lamina propria of intestine, where they differentiate into IgA-secreting plasma cells
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where are Peyer's patches found?
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lammina propria and submucosa of SI
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what is formed where the hindgut meets ectoderm?
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pectinate line
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what type of cancer is found above the pectinate line?
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adenocarcinoma (A above)
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what type of cancer is found below the pectinate line?
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squamous cell carcinoma
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what is the arterial supply above the pectinate line?
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superior rectal artery (branch of IMA)
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venous drainage above pectinate line?
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superior rectal vein - inferior mesenteric vein - portal system
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venous drainage below pectinate line?
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inferior rectal vein - internal pudendal vein - inernal iliac vein - IVC
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what type of hemorrhoids receive somatic innervation?
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external - therefore painful
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this type of herna protrudes below and laeral to the pubic tubercle
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femoral hernia
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what does the femoral sheath contain?
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fascial tybe extending 3-4 cm below inguinal ligament - contains femoral artery, femoral vein, and femoral canal (containing deep inguinal lymph nodes)
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