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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Unicate Process
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area on cervical vertebrae prone to bony growths such as osteophytes that can impinge spinal nerve adjacent to it
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Central Line
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the introduction of a catheter into a vein and extending it to the central part of the body (the heart)
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Borders of the Posterior Triange of the neck
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Anterior-SCM
Posterior-Trapezius Inferior-Middle 1/3 of clavicle |
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Contents of Posterior Triangle of Neck
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Veins-external jugular and subclavian
Arteries-subclavian, transverse cervical, suprascapular, occipital Nerves-spinal accessor, great auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular Inferior belly of omohyoid |
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Fascia
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dense connective tissue that surrounds muscles and is found in between muscles
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Floor muscles of Posterior Triangle of Neck
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Anterior scalene
Middle scalene Posterior scalene Levator scapulae (with spinal accessory nerve crossing it) Splenius capitus |
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What nerve supplies SCM?
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spinal accessory (CN XI)
This nerve also supplies trapezius. |
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Torticollis
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"wry-neck"
Spasm of SCM |
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Platysma
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muscle of facial expression
-Found in superficial fascia of neck |
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Prevertebral Fascia
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-forms the facial floor of posterior triangle of neck
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Transverse cervical vein
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-tributary of subclavian vein
-runs with transverse cervical artery |
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Suprascapular vein
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-tributary of subclavian vein
-runs with suprascapular artery |
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What nerve is the most iatrogenically injured?
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-spinal accessory nerve
-often injured taking biopsy of lymph nodes |
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Internal Jugular Vein
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drains the upper head
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Subclavian vein
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drains the brachium or upper limb
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Right brachiocephalic vein
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formed by union of IJV and subclavian vein
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3 Branches off Aortic Arch (in sequence)
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1. Brachiocephalic artery or trunk--> gives rise to right subclavian and right common carotid
2. Left common carotid artery 3. Left subclavian artery |
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Branches of Subclavian Artery
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1. Vertebral Arteries
2. Thyrocervical Trunk (Inferior thyroid artery, transverse cervical artery, suprascapular arteries) |
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3 Parts of Subclavian (as divided by anterior scalene)
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1st part = proximal to anterior scalen
2nd part = posterior to anterior scalene 3rd part = distal/lateral to anterior scalene |
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Thyrocervical Trunk
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-branch off proximal part of the subclavian artery
-gives rise to transverse cervical and a suprascapular artery |
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3 Parts of Axillary Artery (as divided by pectoralis minor)
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1st part = proximal to pectoralis minor
2nd part = posterior to pectoralis minor 3rd part = distal/lateral to pectoralis minor |
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Ventral rami in cervical region
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like in between ribs --> called "intercostal nerves"
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Cervical Plexus
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-Formed by ventral rami C1-C4
-5 Parts (Phrenic nerve, 4 cutaneous nerves [greater auricular, lesser occipital, transverse cervical, supraclavicular], sensory or proprioceptive contributions of spinal accessory nerve) |
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Phrenic Nerve
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-part of cervical plexus
-arises from C3,C4, C5 (3-4-5, keeps the diaphragm alive) -innervates respiratory diaphragm -runs across anterior surface of SCM -can be crushed to alleviate chronic hiccups -approached surgically through posterior triangle of neck |
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Nerve Point
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-lies at junction between superior 1/3 and inferior 2/3 on posterior border of SCM
-cutaneous and spinal accessory nerves pass into the posterior triangle here |
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4 cutaneous branches of cervical plexus
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1. greater auricular
2. lesser occipital 3. transverse cervical 4. supraclavicular |
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Borders of Axilla
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Medial = serratus anterior
Posterior = subscapularis Anterior = pectoralis major/minor Lateral = intertubercular groove |
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Contents of Axilla
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-Subclavian artery
-Subclavian vein -Brachial plexus -Apex of lung |
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Brachial Plexus
***KNOW NETTERS DIAGRAM*** |
-Formed from spinal nerves C5-T1
-5 roots (ventral rami of C5-T1) -3 Trunks (upper, middle, lower) -6 Divisions (3 anterior, 3 posterior) -3 Cords -6 Terminal Branches giving rise to 5 Terminal nerves (Musculocutaneous, Axillary, Radial, Median, Ulnar) |
