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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the layers of the embryo mid w 1?
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The outer cell mass is a torphoblast and the inner cell mass is an embryoblast.
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What happens at the end of week one?
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First the trophoblast forms the embryonic portion of the placenta
and blastocyst implants in the endometrium |
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What forms the fetal portion of placenta?
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The trophoblast
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What is the difference between accrea and percreta?
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If a conceptus erodes the wall of the uterus too much durning
implantation and partial intrusion into myometrium occurs (accrea)\n If through full thickness of the myometrium, it is called placenta percreta |
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What happens the second week to the placenta?
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The syncytial layer erodes the endometrium
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If the endometrium is a coast what is on the beach?
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There are glycogen-rich secretions in glands and vascular areas (beach balls and seaweed)
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How do the lagoons form?
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As the syncytiotrophoblast expands there are lagoons that form
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What do the lagoons form?
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They form a lacunar network.
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How did the lagoon flood?
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The syncytiotrophoblast eroded the endometrium and caused the
sinusoidal capillaries and glycogen-rich glands to be disrupted mnem: tio kiks the beach |
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After the seaweed and beach balls distrupted by tio, then what?
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Cells called stroma become enlarded and filled with glycogen and lipids
(this is called the decidua reaction) mnem: stroma get fat soma: its their decision |
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After Zeke's mom is bloody, what does she call herself?
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Deca D (for her decadent uterus engorging on glycogen and lipids)
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What changed occur to Deci D?
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The decidua (endometrium) gets divided into a bay (decidua basalis), a cape (d. capsularis) and the pier (d. parietalis)
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What is the difference between the cape, the bay and the pier?
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The bay is between the blasts and the muscle (blastocyst and mymetrium)
it is the maternal portion The cape is the endometrium covering the blastocyst, separating it from the uterine cavity The pier is the decidua parietalis and is the layer lining the rest of the uterine cavity |
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What eventually happens to the cape and the pier?
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They come into contact as the uterine cavity disappears.
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What is the tree structure that forms?
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The primary villi. It looks like a small evergreen. It is where the sideburns grow into the deca D
Where the cytotrophoblast grows into the decidua: they consist of a cytotrophoblast covered by a thick layer of syncytiotrophoblast |
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What forms the primitive uteroplacental circulation first?
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The primary villi do
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What is on the plate for zeke at the lagoons?
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There are trees on a corny plate (imagine broccoli and corn)
that is, there are primary villi attached to the chorionic plate (outer wall of the chorionic cavity) |
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What forms the mess on the plate?
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The plate is a mess of tio, sideburns and gum
(the extraembryonic mesodern), the cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast |
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Once the embryo is a three-layered germ disc, what happens in the uterus first?
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There are many primary trees but they want to be decorated and grow to support ornaments
the core develop bv (ornaments) and blood cells they are now called secondary villi |
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What is the destination of the ornaments on the tree (primary)?
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They connect with the developing vascular system of the embryo
via blood vessels in the chorionic plate and the connecting stock. |
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As soon as b.v. Appear, what happens?
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The trees are now known as tertiary or definitive villi
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After the III trees form, what happens?
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After the III trees (sec tree with vessels in the cores), the cytotrophoblast cells
proliferate and pass throught the syncytiotrophoblast until they reach the bay |
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What doe the sideburns do to reach the bay?
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They proliferate and pass througt tio to reach the bay and form a complete
layer at the decidua/trophoblast junction (helps to firmly attach the chorionic plate to the decidua basalis later) |
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What do you call III trees on the plate that grow to the bay?
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They are called anchoring villi and develop branches that will be referred to as floating or terminal villi.
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What forms at the end of the third week?
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A primitive placenta
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What are the two divisions of the villi on the chorion?
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There is a storm and the villi on the side of the chorion (opposite to the attachment)
degenarate forming a smooth chorion (chrorion laeva) ON the side of the chorion they proliferate (chorion frondosum) like a pond |
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What is included with the pond of the chorion?
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The chorionic plate and its attached villi are included with the chorion frondosum or leafy chorion
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What happens when the embryonic cavity enlarges?
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The amnionic cavity enlarges and obliterates the chorionic cavity.
The amnion and chorion fuse (chevy and army crash)-army obliterates the chevy |
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What is formed from the army-chevy crash?
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The amiochorionic membrane forms
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What happens if the fetus does not drink enough or too much
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If not enough, oligohydramnios and renal agenesis occurs; if too much
polyhydramnios and this is associated with maternal DB and CNS and gut abnormatlities form |
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What happens in week 12?
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The placenta is well developed
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How do you make a fetus a sandwhich?
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Throw fetal poriton (plate and tree) = chorion frondosum, with the maternal portion
(decidua basalis), cut it into septa and put colby cheese on each (cotyledons) |
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How does placental circulation occur?
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The pressure forces maternal blood into the intervillous space, toward the chorionic plate and villi
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How do the villus capillaries connect to b.v.?
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The villus capillaries connect to the b.v. In the fetus through the chorionic and umbilical arteries.
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Where does maternal nutrients diffuse to the fetal blood?
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In the intervillous space, and by passing though the walls of the villus
and the endothelium of the villus capillaries, while waste and CO2 follow the same path to go to the maternal blood |
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How does blood return to the fetus?
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The chorionic and umbilical veins
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What is the division between the maternal blood in the intervillus space and the fetal blood in the villus capillary
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the placental membrane (previously the placental barrier)
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When is the placenta a more significant barrier?
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during earlier stages of development
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What is the placental membrane before 4 months?
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4 layers: the syncytiotophoblast
cytotrophoblast fetal connective tissue endothelium of the villus capillaries |
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What is the placental membrane after 4 months?
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2 layers: the syncytiotophoblast
endothelium of the villus capillaries |
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How often blood recycled in the intervillous spaces?
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3-4 q min
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how much of the uterine surface does the placenta cover towards the end of pregnancy?
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15-30% (peak from 15 to 30 years)
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What is parturition?
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birth
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What is the deal with hydratidiform moles? How many types?
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3 types: complete, incomplete and persistant trohoblastic disease
where lacks embryo |
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What is the difference between complete and incomplete hydratidiform moles?
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Complete is a conceptus without an embryo (placenta);
the placental villi become swollen and look like grapes incomplete has some evidence of a fetus (could be result of two sets of parental chromosomes) |
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What are S/Sx of complete hydratidiform mole?
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Completes occur early in pregancy, characterized by high HCG, edema, vaginal bleeding and HTN
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How does placental circulation occur?
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The pressure forces maternal blood into the intervillous space, toward the chorionic plate and villi
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What are the six functions of the placenta?
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functions of the placenta:
respiration nutrition (to pass freely) removal of waste from fetus hormones maternal antibodies protection (somewhat of a barrier) |
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How do the villus capillaries connect to b.v.?
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The villus capillaries connect to the b.v. In the fetus through the chorionic and umbilical arteries.
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What are the processes of hormones from placenta to fetus?
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There is some TRANSFER (not protein hormones), production of Hcg
whichmaintains corpus luteum to make estro and prog until first trimester |
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Where does maternal nutrients diffuse to the fetal blood?
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In the intervillous space, and by passing though the walls of the villus
and the endothelium of the villus capillaries, while waste and CO2 follow the same path to go to the maternal blood |
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What is the umbilical cord covered with after the 3rd month?
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with amnion
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How does blood return to the fetus?
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The chorionic and umbilical veins
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What is the division between the maternal blood in the intervillus space and the fetal blood in the villus capillary
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the placental membrane (previously the placental barrier)
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How many arteries versus veins on the umbilical cord?
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Two arteries and one vein
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When is the placenta a more significant barrier?
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during earlier stages of development
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What is the difference between monozygotic and dizygotic twins?
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dizygotic are fraternal and two diff ova( 2 of placenta, chorion and amnion)
monozygotic one ova (2 of everything if split early), but share placenta and chorion (still 2 amnion) if later but if occurs during bilaminar germ disc time everything shared conjoined twins may form |
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What is the placental membrane before 4 months?
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4 layers: the syncytiotophoblast
cytotrophoblast fetal connective tissue endothelium of the villus capillaries |
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What is the placental membrane after 4 months?
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2 layers: the syncytiotophoblast
endothelium of the villus capillaries |
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How often blood recycled in the intervillous spaces?
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3-4 q min
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how much of the uterine surface does the placenta cover towards the end of pregnancy?
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15-30% (peak from 15 to 30 years)
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What is parturition?
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birth
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What is the deal with hydratidiform moles? How many types?
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3 types: complete, incomplete and persistant trohoblastic disease
where lacks embryo |
|
|
What is the difference between complete and incomplete hydratidiform moles?
|
Complete is a conceptus without an embryo (placenta);
the placental villi become swollen and look like grapes incomplete has some evidence of a fetus (could be result of two sets of parental chromosomes) |
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What are S/Sx of complete hydratidiform mole?
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Completes occur early in pregancy, characterized by high HCG, edema, vaginal bleeding and HTN
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What are the six functions of the placenta?
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functions of the placenta:
respiration nutrition (to pass freely) removal of waste from fetus hormones maternal antibodies protection (somewhat of a barrier) |
|
|
What are the processes of hormones from placenta to fetus?
|
There is some TRANSFER (not protein hormones), production of Hcg
whichmaintains corpus luteum to make estro and prog until first trimester |
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What is the umbilical cord covered with after the 3rd month?
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with amnion
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How many arteries versus veins on the umbilical cord?
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Two arteries and one vein
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What is the difference between monozygotic and dizygotic twins?
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dizygotic are fraternal and two diff ova( 2 of placenta, chorion and amnion)
monozygotic one ova (2 of everything if split early), but share placenta and chorion (still 2 amnion) if later but if occurs during bilaminar germ disc time everything shared conjoined twins may form |
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How does placental circulation occur?
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The pressure forces maternal blood into the intervillous space, toward the chorionic plate and villi
|
|
|
How do the villus capillaries connect to b.v.?
|
The villus capillaries connect to the b.v. In the fetus through the chorionic and umbilical arteries.
|
|
|
Where does maternal nutrients diffuse to the fetal blood?
|
In the intervillous space, and by passing though the walls of the villus
and the endothelium of the villus capillaries, while waste and CO2 follow the same path to go to the maternal blood |
|
|
How does blood return to the fetus?
|
The chorionic and umbilical veins
|
|
|
What is the division between the maternal blood in the intervillus space and the fetal blood in the villus capillary
|
the placental membrane (previously the placental barrier)
|
|
|
When is the placenta a more significant barrier?
|
during earlier stages of development
|
|
|
What is the placental membrane before 4 months?
|
4 layers: the syncytiotophoblast
cytotrophoblast fetal connective tissue endothelium of the villus capillaries |
|
|
What is the placental membrane after 4 months?
|
2 layers: the syncytiotophoblast
endothelium of the villus capillaries |
|
|
How often blood recycled in the intervillous spaces?
|
3-4 q min
|
|
|
how much of the uterine surface does the placenta cover towards the end of pregnancy?
|
15-30% (peak from 15 to 30 years)
|
|
|
What is parturition?
|
birth
|
|
|
What is the deal with hydratidiform moles? How many types?
|
3 types: complete, incomplete and persistant trohoblastic disease
where lacks embryo |
|
|
What is the difference between complete and incomplete hydratidiform moles?
|
Complete is a conceptus without an embryo (placenta);
the placental villi become swollen and look like grapes incomplete has some evidence of a fetus (could be result of two sets of parental chromosomes) |
|
|
What are S/Sx of complete hydratidiform mole?
|
Completes occur early in pregancy, characterized by high HCG, edema, vaginal bleeding and HTN
|
|
|
What are the six functions of the placenta?
|
functions of the placenta:
respiration nutrition (to pass freely) removal of waste from fetus hormones maternal antibodies protection (somewhat of a barrier) |
|
|
What are the processes of hormones from placenta to fetus?
|
There is some TRANSFER (not protein hormones), production of Hcg
whichmaintains corpus luteum to make estro and prog until first trimester |
|
|
What is the umbilical cord covered with after the 3rd month?
|
with amnion
|
|
|
How many arteries versus veins on the umbilical cord?
|
Two arteries and one vein
|
|
|
What is the difference between monozygotic and dizygotic twins?
|
dizygotic are fraternal and two diff ova( 2 of placenta, chorion and amnion)
monozygotic one ova (2 of everything if split early), but share placenta and chorion (still 2 amnion) if later but if occurs during bilaminar germ disc time everything shared conjoined twins may form |
