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36 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
The Mediterranean Climate caused:
i) Caused people to be outdoors
ii) They discussed public issues
iii) Taking part in civic life became a duty leading to democracy
From 2000 to 1400 B.C., Crete, the largest of the Greek islands was home to the:
Minoan Civilization
Around the same time, this group settled in Mainland Greece:
The Mycenaeans
The Mycenaeans were replaced by the:
Dorians
Because the skill of writing was lost during their reign, the years 1150 to 750 B.C. are called the:
Dark Ages
The result was long, heroic poems called:
Epics
The greatest poet storyteller was:
Homer
Homer's poems focused on:
Individuals and not the battles of the armies
Homer's poems taught the Greeks about an ideal called "arete" What did it mean?
- Strive for excellence
- Show courage
- Win fame and honour
Greek heroes sought glory in battle and athletic competitions, such as the Olympic Games. What was the "true" prize of the ancient Olympic Games?
Honour and Fame - a wreath of olive leaves
What did the Greeks call their stories about their gods?
Myths
What did a polis refer to?
City and the area around it (city-state)
What was a citizen?
A free adult male
What members of society were not considered citizens?
- Women
- Children
- Slaves
- Foreigners
What was an acropolis?
A fortified hilltop
What was the acropolis used for?
Meetings to discuss public issues
What ideal was Greek citizenship based upon?
Human beings are free and rational individuals
What expectations did the Greeks have of their citizenship?
The freedom to express ideas and for the leaders to listens
What is an aristocracy?
A small group of noble families that controlled the government
What role did the discover of iron play in the overthrow of the aristocracies?
Ordinary citizens could now afford weapons. They used them to rebel against the nobles.
What formation made the Greeks the most powerful fighting force in the world?
Phalanx
What did the citizen-soldiers who led rebellions against the aristocracies (and formed new governments) become known as?
Tyrants
What did the Spartans call the peasants in their colonies who were forced to work the land?
Helots
Why did the Spartans take on such as militaristic philosophy?
They lived in fear of a helot uprising. They believed the only way to survive was to make their city-state strong.
What did the Spartans value?
- Duty
- Strength
- Discipline
What were the ideals of the Athenians?
- Individuality
- Beauty
- Freedom of Thought
What is democracy?
A government where all citizens take part
in 594 B.C. what poet and philosopher was given the job of reforming the politics of Athens?
Solon
Solon allowed all male citizens to:
Attend the assembly, debate, and vote
Who created the Council of Five Hundred?
Cleisthenes in 508 B.C.
What were his duties?
Proposing laws and advising the assembly
Which groups were not allowed to take part in Athenian democracy?
- Slaves
- Foreigners
- Women
(20% of population could take part in democracy)
In 490 B.C. the Persians attacked the Athenians on a plain called:
Marathon
300 Spartans sacrificed themselves so the others could escape, a fine display of the Greek ideal:
Arete
This new alliance was created to prevent further Persian attacks
The Dorian League
This new alliance soon came to be dominated by
Athens