Fungus

Front 1

Fungus Basics
-Are all Eukaroytic
-Phylogenitcally arrived from which species
-Are all multicelluar?
-What is the mode of nutrition
-Do all lack flagella
-Are they physically resilient
-May have facilitated the evolution of land plants.

Back 1

-Yes Eukaroytic
-Opistokhonts
-Yes Multicellular
-Heterotroph
-Nearly all lack flagella
-Yes
-Hella Resilient

Front 2

Fungal Structure
-What are the threadlike structures
-Which structures seperate the aforementioned structures. However, what is the exception
-Cells walls are comprised of which polysacharide
-Which special type of fungus aren't seperated by the aforementioned structures.
-Bundles of Hyphae are called?
-

Back 2

-Threadlike structures : Hyphae
-Septa seperate Hyphae, except in Coenocytic
-Cell walls comprised of Chitin
-Mycelium are the bundles of Hyphae

Front 3

Fungal Life and Reproduction Cycles

Back 3

Begins at Plasmogamy, which is when two parent mycelia join because of conjugation. This leads to the Dikaroytic (N + N) stage. Then, Karyogamy occurs, which is the fusion of two nuclei. This leads to the new diploid stage.
The diploid stage leads to meiosis, which leads to spore producing structures (haploid). These structures obviously release spores, that germinate which leads to plasogamy.

Front 4

Modes of Nutrition

Back 4

Chemoheterotroph : Needs to consume organic carbon from environment, but can make food on its own
Autotroph: Makes its own food
Photoautotroph: Photosynthesize. Get its energy source from CO2
Chemoautotroph: Needs to consume from inorganic materials, and get its carbon source from CO2.

Front 5

Chytridiomycota
-Found in which environment
-Which form of locomotion
-Where do they fit in the phylogeny of fungus.
-Suggests what key piece of phylogentic information

Back 5

-Found in the water
-Flagelatted Zoospores
-Related to ancestral fungus
-Suggests that fungi, like plants and animals, appeared in water

Front 6

Division Zygomycota
-Posess which spore making structure
-Is it the only diploid structure of the organisms
-Which structure is capable of asexual reproduction.
-Commonly found on which found

Back 6

Common bread molds

Zygosporangium: sexual spore making structure (the
only diploid structure of the organism)

Sporangiophores: asexual spore producing structures

Front 7

Division Glomeromycota
-Once thought to be related to which phylum of fungus
-Ecologically significant because of what structure
-What percentage of a specific kingdom shares a symbiotic relationship with this division

Back 7

Once thought to be zygomycota, but DNA are a separate, but related, group

-Ecologically significant as they are arbuscular mycorrhizae.

Front 8

Ascomycota
-Which defining characteristic belongs to this phylum
-Produces which reproductive structures
-Possess which other fruiting bodies

Back 8

-Contains sac-like ascuc
-Produces asci and conidia(asexual spore)
- Fruiting bodies called ascocarps

Front 9

Ascomycota
Class: Yeast
-When goes through anaerobic processes produces which compound
-When given oxygne produces which compound.

Back 9

-Important in human civilization
-When deprived of oxygen, produces ethyl alcohol
-When given oxygen, produces CO2

Front 10

Basidiomycota
-contains which species
-Includes which structures
-Many are toxic? Hallucinogenic? Edible?

Back 10

Includes mycorrhizal forms
- Mushroom, puffballs, shelf fungi, rusts
- Many toxic, edible, hallucinogenic, plant pathogens

Front 11

Deuteromycota
Is this considered a real division?

Back 11

Not a real division
17,000 species
Parasexuality (within the heterokaryotic hyphae)
Originally could not be classified due to lack of obvious sexual reproduction, now considered Ascomycota
Includes athlete’s foot, ringworm, Penicillium (source of penicillin, roquefort cheese), and Aspergillus (soy sauce)
Some produce toxins and carginogens
Possesses conidia only

Front 12

Mycophycophyta
Possess a symbiotic relationship with which protists or bacteria
-Related to which phylum of fungi
-Reproduce how?
-How many growth forms

Back 12

-Symbiotic relationship with algal cells, or cyanobacteria


- The fungal component typically related to Ascomycota


- Reproduce sexually, or by soredia (balls of fungal and algal cells)


- Three growth forms: crustose, foliose, and fructicose