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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fungal disease of the lung
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A pulm. infection produced by the inhalation of fungal spores which germinate in the lung and initiate and inflammatory reaction
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Fungal structural changes
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Spores cause inflammation
Consolidation A/C destruction Caseous tubercles or granulomas Cavity formation Fibrosis and secondary calcification of lung parenchyma Bronchial airway secreations (frothy and yeast-like) Changes to the lung structures are similar to those seen in TB |
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Causes of Fungal Lung Infection (Etiology)
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Inhalation of spores
-air, soil, formites, animals Human fungal disease -primary pathogen -secondary pathogen in immunocompromised pt Spores germinates in lungs Initiation of inflammatory response |
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S/S of Fungal Lung Infection
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Chest Pain
Weightloss Sweats Similar to TB S/S Fever Muscle and Joint Pain Headache Dry Hacking Cough Chills |
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Fungal Culture
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Gold Standards
Can test: blood, sputum, lymph nodes, and lung tissue Takes 4 weeks. Pt cld die in mean time |
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Fungal Stain
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Invasive and difficult to get sample
Can test: blood, sputum, lymph nodes, lung tissue Quick and 100% accurate |
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Antifungal drugs
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Fungizone
-quick -many side effects Sporanox -works slow -not as many side effects -taken by mouth Diflucan -least effective |
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Resp Management with FD
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O2 Therapy
BHT Mechanical Vent if Resp Failure develops |
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Histoplasmosis
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Ohio Valley Fever
Most Common in US Can be contracted from Soils with bird excrement -Trees where starlings and blackbird roost Prevalent along major river valleys -ohio, michigan, illinois, mississippi, missouri, kentucky, tennessee, georgia, arkansas |
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S/S for Histoplasmosis
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Similar to TB
Only 40% infected demonstrate symptoms (only 10% feel ill enough to see MD) |
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Incubation period for Histplasmosis
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17 days
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Asymptomatic Histoplasmosis
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Most common form
No S/S Positive Histoplasmin skin test |
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Acute symptomatic pulm histoplasmosis
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Mild to serious S/S in healthy people
Potentially life-threatening widespread penumonia |
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Chronic Pulm Histoplasmosis
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Infiltration and cavity formation in the upper lobes or one or both lungs
Often affects people with underlying COPD - emphysema Often self limiting (may go away without treatment) |
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Disseminated Histoplasmosis
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Occurs mostly in immunocompromised people
Carried by bloodstream thru body to affect other organs Fatal if untreated |
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Coccidioidomycosis
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Valley Fever
Hot dry regions of US Spherical fungi carried by wind-bourne dust particles Prevalent in cali, arizona, nevada, new mexico, texas and utah Cold like symptoms 100,000 new cases annually |
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Aspergillus
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Opportunistic pathogen
Found in soil, vegetation, compost heaps Greatest risk are people around granaries, barns, silos Prevalent among people with immunosuppression |
