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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Primary care |
Prenatal, counseling exercise |
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Secondary & tertiary |
X rays emergency. Intensive care |
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Evidence based practice |
Use if current best evidence along w clinical expertise. Pt preferences. |
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Perfusion |
Pump oxygenated blood to tissues & return deoxygenated blood to the lungs |
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Diffusion |
Exchange of gas |
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Work of breathing |
Inspiration and expiration |
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Surfactant |
Chemical produced in the lungs to maintain the surface tension of the alveoli |
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Atelectasis |
Collapse of the alveoli. Prevents normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide |
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Lung volumes |
Title residual forced vital capacity spirometry |
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The thickness of the alveolar capillaries |
Membrane affect the rate of diffusion. Hemoglobin carries oxygen and carbon dioxide |
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Neural regulation |
Central nervous system controls the respiratory rate and Rhythm. Cerebral cortex regulates the voluntary control of respiration |
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Chemical regulation |
Maintains the rate and depth of respirations based on changes and the blood concentrations of CO2 and O2 and in hydrogen ion concentration. Chemoreceptors sense changes in their chemical content and stimulate neural Regulators to adjust. |
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Cardio pulmonary physiology |
involves delivery of deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart and then to the lungs where it is oxygenated |
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Oxygenated blood |
Travels from the lungs to the left side of the heart and the tissues |
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S1 |
Mitral and tricuspid close |
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S2 |
Aortic and pulmonic close |
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Cardiac output |
Stroke volume x heart rate |
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Autonomic nervous system |
Influences the rate of impulse generation and the speed of conduction pathways |
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Conduction system |
Originates with the SA node or Pacemaker and is transmitted to the AV node bundle of his and purkinje fibers |
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Factors affecting oxygenation |
Decreased oxygen carrying capacity. Decreased inspired oxygen concentration. Increased metabolic rate. Hypovolemia |
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Conditions affecting chest wall movement |
Pregnancy obesity neuromuscular disease musculoskeletal abnormalities trauma CNS alterations |
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Hypoxia |
Inadequate tissue oxygenation at the cellular level main sign is restlessness |
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Disturbances in conduction |
Caused by electrical impulses that do not regenerate from the SA node. dysrhythmias |
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Altered cardiac output |
Insufficient volume is injected into the systemic and pulmonary circulation. The result of left-sided or right sided heart failure |
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Impaired valvular function |
Acquired or congenital disorder of a cardiac valve by stenosis regurgitation |
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Myocardial ischemia |
Coronary artery Flow To The myocardium insufficient to meet myocardial oxygen demand. Results in angina, MI |
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Assessment |
Past impairments and circulatory respiratory functioning. In-depth history of patients normal and present cardio pulmonary function. Methods that a patient uses to optimize oxygenation. Review of drug food and other allergies. Physical exam. Labs. |
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Order |
Inspection. Auscultation. Percussion. Palpation |
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Airway management |
Cough every 2 hours. Change positions. Emulate. Encourage the setup. Encouraged to increase fluids. Avoid caffeinated beverages. |
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Oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal suctioning |
When patient can cough but is not able to clear secretions |
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Orotracheal and nasal tracheal |
When patient is unable to manage secretions |
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Tracheal |
Used with artificial Airway |
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Oral Airways |
Prevents obstruction of the trachea by displacement of the tongue into the oropharynx |
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Endotracheal and trachea Airways |
Short-term use to ventilate |
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Qam |
Every am |
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Pc |
After meals |