Fundamentals Of Computer Systems

Front 1

What is computer?

Back 1

A computer is electronic, programmable data processing machine.

Front 2

What is a system?

Back 2

A system is a collection of parts that work together for some defined purpose.

Front 3

What is a computer system?

Back 3

A computer system is a collection of hardware and software that work together to achieve some data processing task.

Front 4

What is a system separated from the outside world by?

Back 4

A system boundary. These boundaries are often called interfaces.

Front 5

What is meant by hardware?

Back 5

Hardware is any physical components of a computer.

Front 6

What is meant by software?

Back 6

Programs and other operating information used by a computer.

Front 7

What are the four components of a computer system?

Back 7

Input,Processing,Storage,Output.

Front 8

For a digital camera state examples for two input devices.

Back 8

Buttons,CMOS,CCD, microphone.

Front 9

State two output devices

Back 9

Screen;speaker;flash.

Front 10

State 6 types of computer systems.

Back 10

General-purpose, control, dedicate, embedded,expert and managed informations systems.

Front 11

What is a dedicated system?

Back 11

A system specially produced to perform a single function. For example a ticket vending machine at a train station.

Front 12

What is a general-purpose system?

Back 12

A system designed to perform multiple tasks. Various applications can be loaded so that they can be used for a variety of purposes.

e.g Personal computers such as desktops,laptops notebooks. etc.

Front 13

What is a control system?

Back 13

A control system are computer systems that control machinery, rather than produce output for humans to read or respond to. Industrial robots are an important. application of control systems

Front 14

What are embedded systems?

Back 14

Embedded systems are systems that are part of a larger system. They include portable devices: digital watches, sat navs, cameras, MP3 players.

Front 15

What are expert systems?

Back 15

Expert systems are computer systems designed to behave like humans. They have three components parts.

-A knowledge base (database of facts.)

-An inference engine (software that makes deductions using the knowledge base)

-An interface (to allow humans user to access to the system.)

Front 16

What are the common uses of expert systems?

Back 16

Diagnosing diseases, finding faults in machinery, choosing complex products such as mortgages and insurance policies, suggesting purchases to consumers, making credits checks.

Front 17

What is a management information system?

Back 17

A system that brings together information from all parts of an organisation so that managers can make sensible decisions

Front 18

Give two uses of expert systems

Back 18

-Could be used to diagnose diseases

-Find faulty machinery

Front 19

What is a safety-critical system?

Back 19

A safety critical system is a system whose failure or malfunction may result in injury or death.

Front 20

What activities can medical computer systems carry out.

Back 20

Record keeping, diagnosis of disease, robotic/remote surgery.

Front 21

State the three main components of an expert system.

Back 21

1. A knowledge base ( a database of facts)

2. An inference engine ( software that makes deductions using a knowledge base)

3.A interface ( to allow human users access to the system)