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52 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
chemical compound that provides energy for use by body cells
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
fat tissue
adipose
a type of connective tissue consisting of fibers and a variety of cells embedded in a loose matrix of soft sticky gell
areolar
cerve cell process that transmits impules away from the cell body
axon
one of a pair of tiny cylinders in the centrosome of a cell; believed to be involved with the spindle fibers formed during mitosis
centriole
a beadlike structure that attaches one chromatid to another during the early stages of mitosis
centromere
a cartilage cell
chondrocyte
a chromosome strand
chrmatid
principle organic constituent of connective tissue
collagen
shape in which cells are higher than they are wide
columnar
abnormal notching in an erythrocyte resulting from shrinkage after suspension in a hypertonic solution
crenation
cell shape resumbling a cube
cuboidal
the gellike substace of a cell exclusive of the nucleus and other organelles
cytoplasm
branching or treelike; a nerve cell process that transmits impules toward the body
dendrite
genetic material of the cell that carries the chemical blueprint of the body
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
supporting cells of nervous tissue; also called neuro_____.
glia
specialized cells found in simple columnar epithelium that produce mucus
goblet cells
spercialized connective tissue that is responsible for the formation of blood cells and lymphatic system cells, found in red bone marrow,spleen,tonsils,and lymph nodes.
hemopoietic tissue
a solution containing a higher level of salt than is found in a living red blood cell
hypertonic
a solution containing a lower level of salt than is found in a living red blood cell
hypotonic
the phase immediately before the visible stages of cell division when the DNA of each chromosome replicates itself
interphase
disintegration of a cell
lyse
the intracellular substance of a tissue
matrix
indirect cell division involving complex changes in the nucleus
mitosis
first stage of mitosis during which chromosomes become visible
prophase
second stage of mitosis, during which the nuclear evelope and nucleolus dissappear
metaphase
stage of mitosis; duplicate chromosomes more to poles of dividing cell
anaphase
last stage of mitosis in which the cell divides
telophase
nerve cell, including its processes
neuron
a special type of cytoplasm found in the nucleus
nucleoplasm
cell organ
organelle
hairlike projections of cells
cilia
network or tubules and vesicles in cytoplasm
endoplsmic reticulum (ER)
single projection extending from the cell surface
flagellum
small sacs stacked on one another near the nucleus that makes carbohydrate compounds, combines them with protein molecules, and packages the product in globule
Golgi apparatus
membranous organelles containing various enzymes that can dissolve most cellular compounds; hence called digestive bags or suicide bags of cells
lysosome
threadlike structures
mitochondria
critical to protein formation because it programs the formation of ribisomes in the nucleus
nucleolus
spherical structure within a cell; a group of neuron cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord; central core of the atom, made up of protons and neutrons
nucleus
membrane that separates the contents of a cell from the tissue fluid; encloses the cytoplasm and forms the outer boundary of the cell
plasma membrane
organelle in the cytoplasm of cells that synthesizes proteins; also known as a protein factory
ribosome
a nucleic acid found in the cytoplasm that is crucial to protein synthesis
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
a network of tubules formed in the cytoplasm between the centrioles as they are moving away from each other
spindle fiber
scalelike
squamous
when the double stranded DNA molecules unwnd and form mRNA
transcription
the synthesis of a protein by ribosomes
translation
separation of smaller particles from larger particles through semipermeable membrane
dialysis
spreading
diffusion
movement of water and solutes through a membrane by a higher hydrostatic pressure on one side
filtration
movement of a fluid through a semipermeable membrane
osmosis
ingestion and digestion of articles by a cell
phagocytosis
the active transport mechanism used to transfer fluids or dissolved substances into cells
pinocytosis