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95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 3 main sources of water
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1. Rainwater
2. Surface 3. Underground |
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A holding tank for rainwater
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Cistern
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Water that runs in the stream or is found in depression, such as lake, reservoirs , ponds or oceans
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Surface water
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The underground surface beneath which earth material, as in soil or rock are saturated with water
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Water table
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The most common source of water
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Wells
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Dug well are rarely deeper than what?
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30 feet
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What kind of well can you dig if the water table is close to the surface
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Hand dug wells
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A kind of well used in loose, sandy, or highly permeable gravel soils
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Driven well
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A device called a _____ is screwed in the length of pipe is driven down into the earth with a hammer blows
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Well point or drive point
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What are the limitation of a well point or drive point
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60 feet deep and soil that are not too rocky
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A kind of well that are shallow (50 feet or less) and dug with a boring rig or a power driven auger
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Bored wells
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What is the deepest kind of well?
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Drilled well
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How deep can a drilled wells can go?
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1500 feet
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What is the meaning of the word CASED
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A large diameter of pipe is lowered into the bore
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What is used to fill the space around the casing?
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Sand and gravel
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What is used to seal the surface of the casing?
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Grout made from Bentonite
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It contains the pump, valves and electrical equipment necessary to pump water or waste water from a low elevation to a high elevation
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Lift station
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What are the two types of booster pumps
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Open system and closed system
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What is the type of booster pump that basically pumping from an open air storage tank to a plumbing distribution system
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Open BPS system
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What is the type of booster pump that basically pumping from a closed storage tank to a plumbing distribution system
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Closed BPS system
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In a water distribution system. What are the direct connection between a potable supply and system carrying unsafe water
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Cross connectio
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In a water distribution system. All pipeline containing unsafe water should be painted with a__________color
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Red
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In a water distribution system. It is used to correctly balance and maintain the desired pressure throughout the entire piping system
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Loop system
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In the water distribution system. How is a loop system laid out and why?
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The system is laid out in a GRID or BELT arrangement, which prevents dead ends and stagnated water from accumulating in the pipe
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In a water distribution system. In this piping system, piping is laid out in one line configuration
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Direct piping line
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In a water distribution system. What are the dis advantages of a direct piping system
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There is no way to balance the load(water supply) to fixture and must be flushed regularly to prevent contamination from stagnated water
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It is the tendency of a metal to return to its natural state. This is a result of self-induced electric current flowing from the metal into the soil. Where current leaves a metal, it takes small particles of the metal with it.
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Corrosion
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A type of piping corrosion that takes place when two dissimilar metals are connected together commonly copper and galvanized and in contact with electrolyte
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Galvanic corrosion
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A tool scrape or a cut in the protective coating of a pipe can allow the piping to come into contact with dissimilar metals in the soil. This damaged to the protective coating is called________. Can result in accelerated corrosion to the point where the coating is damaged
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Holiday
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A type of piping corrosion that normally occurs on the aboveground of the piping due to impurities or corrosive elements in the atmosphere
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Atmospheric corrosion
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This form of piping corrosion is commonly occurs in localized areas where small volume of stagnant moisture or solution are present
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Concentration cell
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A code that requires all metallic pipe installed after July 31 1971 must be properly coated and have a cathodic protection system designed to protect the entire piping or other metallic structure
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Code of Federal regulation
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What are the methods of corrosion control?
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Protective coating and cathodic method
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Enumerate some common types of protective coating used to protect a piping system
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Asphalt
Coal tar Vinyl coating |
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What is the most common type of protective coating?
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Asphalt
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What are the characteristic of a asphalt protective coating?
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Can take considerable abrasion, impact, and temperature
Changes |
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A method of corrosion control that reduced or prevent corrosion of metal surfaces by making the metal structure to be protected the cathode in the corrosion process instead of the anode
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Cathodic protection
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What are the two types of Cathodic protection?
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1. Sacrificial anode
2. Impressed current |
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The most common type of sacrificial anode is_________?
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Magnesium
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True or False. When two different metals are connected together, the more positive will be the cathode and the more negative will be the anode
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True
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True or False. Electrical flows from anode to cathode. The electron transferee to the cathode protects the cathode from corroding and causes the anode to disintegrate (corrode)
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True
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What is required if a sacrificial anode system is used in a long pipe line
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Requires the placement of anode every 40 or 50 feet
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What is the type of cathodic system design to protect large metallic distribution system (such as water supply pipelines)
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Impressed current
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In a impress current cathodic system, what device changes the AC to DC
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Rectifier
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What is the mixture ratio of muriatic and water to make a pipe cleaning solution
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One part of muriatic acid to seven of water
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Enumerate types of pipe noise and step to eliminating the noise
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Lack of support- install every 3 or 4 feet
Water hammer- install a piece of pipe next to a faucet to as shock absorber Water main supply turns to a elbow- replace elbow with a Tee and connect a short piece of pipe about 2 feet long with a cap on the end above the T connection |
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Enumerate several factors when selecting the correct water supply line size
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.water uses
.peak demand .climate effects .installation permanency .minimum size of supply |
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What is the minimum size of supply(main) line
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Six inches in diameter or four inches maybe used with special permission from NAVFAC
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Enumerate types of material use in pipe installation
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. Cast iron
. Asbestos cement (ACP) . Steel . Plastic |
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What is the valve that is used to stop water flow in the main eater line
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Gate valve
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What is the valve that stops the water reverse flow
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Check valve
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What is the valve that is used in wash water tanks and sedimentation basins, and used as an altitude valve in distribution system
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Float valve
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What is the valve that controls water by throttling, usually used in small system
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Globe valve
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What is the valve that is used on inlet lines to stand pipes and elevated tanks to prevent overflow
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Altitude
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What do you call of the process of securing pipe bends with concrete to prevent surge in water flow from flexing the pipe or fitting loose
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Thrust block
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What are the two major functions of a water distribution system
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. To carry potable water for domestic use
. To provide high rate of flow for fire fighting |
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Defines as narrow excavation below the surface of the ground in which the depth is greater than the with, that with not exceeding 15 feet
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Trench
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What must be provided as a means of egress when digging a trench 4 feet deep or more
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A ladder that must be located no more than 25 feet of lateral travel from the work area
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What is the most important factor to determine a safe trench?
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Soil classification and condition
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A soil classification with a OSHA brief description of natural solid mineral matter that can be excavated with vertical sides and remain intact while expose
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Stable rock
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A soil classification with a OSHA brief description of cohesive soils with an unconfirmed compressive strength of 1.5 tons per square foot
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Class A
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A soil classification with a OSHA brief description of cohesive soils with an unconfirmed compressive strength greater than 0.5 tsf but less than 1.5 tsf
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Class B
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A soil classification with a OSHA brief description of cohesive soils with an unconfirmed compressive strength greater of 0.5 tsf or less
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Class C
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Any weight bearing placement near a trench is called?
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Encumbrance
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What term is used on removed excavated soil on a trench
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Spoil
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How far should you place a spoil away from a trench
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2 feet
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True or false. It is not necessary to set batter board when trenching for water lines and why?
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True. It is not necessary to set a batter board board when trenching, since laying water pipes to grade does not require great care because the water is under pressure
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True or false. Minimum depth of a trench depends upon the frost line in the area
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True
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How would you lay water pipes that's close to a sewer
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1 foot above and 10 feet away
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Regardless of pipe material you use, anchors sharp bends and dead ends by_________or_________ _________, also referred to as thrust blocks.
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Ridding or concrete anchors
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What should be used to anchor pipes setting in saddles
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Metal straps
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What should be installed in a prominent peaks on long supply mains to permit scape of air while the pipe is being filled and entrance of air when it is being drained
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Automatic air-release and vacuum valves
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Where in the distribution system can air normally can be release and can be taken
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Service lines
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Flow in water pipes can be achieved by gravity with the used of _________ ________or by _______ ________system.
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Elevated tanks or by pumping system
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How would you backfill a trench?
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Tamp the soil around the pipe by hand or used water. Soil used to backfill around the pipe should be free of debris
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Cast iron that is used for soil pipe for waste come in the length of______foot and______foot
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5 foot and 10 foot
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Cast-iron pressure pipes comes in __________foot lengths with both bell and spigot or mechanical(gland type) joints
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20 foot
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What kind of tools are used to cut a cast iron pipe
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Chain cutter or hack saw
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In a cast iron water service line. What compound should you use to join bell-and spigot
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Sulfur
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In a cast iron water service line. What compound should you use to join an old to newly laid line
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Lead
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In a cast iron water service line. Mechanical joints are made with_________ __________rings held in place by metal follower rings bolted to the pipe
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Rubber sealing
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What are the three type of copper pipe
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Type K, L and M
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What is the type of copper pipe that is used for underground plumbing and general purposes
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Type K
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What is the type of copper that is used for general plumbing
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Type L
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What is the type of copper pipe that used with soldered fitting only
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Type M
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Type K and L copper pipe comes in either in straight 20 or _______or_______feet.
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50 or 100 feet
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Type M copper pipes comes in straight _________foot lengths, hard drawn only
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20
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What do you call the of the process of soften copper
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Annealing
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Is a method in measuring pipe. Indicates that pipes are threaded in both ends. The measurement is from one end of the pipe to the other end, including both threads.
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End to end
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Is a method in measuring a pipe. Indicates that there is a fitting on each end. The measurement is made from the center of the fitting on one end to the center of the fitting on the other end
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Center to center
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Is a method of measuring a pipe. Method applies to pipe having a fitting on one end. The measurement is made from the end of the pipe to the center of the fitting
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End to Center
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Is a method of measuring pipe. Also refers to pipe with fitting on one end. The measurement is from the back of the fitting to the other to the the other end of the pipe
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End to back
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Method of measuring pipe. Indicate a pipe with fitting on each end. The measurement is taken from the center of one fitting to the back of one fitting
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Center to Back
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Method of measuring a pipe. Measurement refers to a pipe with a fitting on each end. The measurement is taken from the back of one fitting to the bak of other fitting
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Back to Back
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Method of measuring a pipe. Measurement refers to a pipe with a fitting on each end that has an opening directly across from the pipe to which it is connected on both ends. Measure from the face of the opening to the face of the other fitting
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Face to Face
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