Functional Morphology Of Blood Vessels

Front 1

Intima contains?

Back 1

Endothelium only

Front 2

What are the functions of the intima? (4)

Back 2

1. Physical & biochemical barrier
2. Hemostasis
3. Angiogenesis
4. Release vasoactive substances

Front 3

Media contains? (3)

Back 3

1. Smooth muscle
2. Collagen
3. Elastin

Front 4

Function of smooth muscle in media?

Back 4

Main contractile element

Front 5

Function of collagen in media?

Back 5

Adds rigidity to vessel walls

Front 6

Function of elastin?

Back 6

Stores mechanical energy

Front 7

Adventitia contains ? (2)

Back 7

1. Collagen
2. Elastin

Front 8

Perivascular nerves are found between which 2 layers in vessels?

Back 8

Between media & adventitia

Front 9

Which type of vessels have smallest cross sectional area?

Back 9

Aorta & Large arteries

Front 10

Composition of aorta & large arteries?

Back 10

High elastin & collagen (thick adventitia)
Low smooth muscle (thin media)

Front 11

Function of aorta & large arteries? (3)

Back 11

1. Windkessel Function (pressure capacitance)
2. Reduce heart work
3. Viscoelasticity- pulse pressure & arteriosclerosis

Front 12

Composition of small arteries?

Back 12

Moderate content of elastin & collagen
Moderate content of smooth muscle

Front 13

Function of small arteries? (2)

Back 13

1. Pressure capacitance
2. Minor resistance changes
(distribute blood)

Front 14

Composition of arterioles & precapillary sphincters?

Back 14

Low elastin & collagen
High smooth muscle

Front 15

Function of arteioles & precapillary sphincters?

Back 15

1. Regulate hydaulic resistance
2. Produce greatest pressure drop

Front 16

Largest cross sectional area of vessels?

Back 16

Capillaries

Front 17

Composition of capillaries?

Back 17

Endothelium ONLY

Front 18

Function of capillaries? (2)

Back 18

1. Regulate tissue fluid & gas exchange
2. Retain protein w/ in vascular compartment

Front 19

Composition of venules?

Back 19

Collagen
Little elastin & smooth muscle

Front 20

Function of venules?

Back 20

Volume capacitance

Front 21

Composition of small veins?

Back 21

Low elastin & collagen
Low smooth muscle

Front 22

Function of small veins? (2)

Back 22

1. Volume capacitance (2/3 of blood volume)
2. Regulation of circulating volume

Front 23

Composition of large veins?

Back 23

Moderate elastin & collagen
Low smooth muscle

Front 24

Function of large veins? (2)

Back 24

1. Some volume capacitance
2. Skeletal muscle pump (venous valves)

Front 25

How does elastin influence compliance?

Back 25

HIGH ELASTIN --> INCREASES COMPLIANCE

Front 26

How does arteriosclerosis affect compliance?

Back 26

Arteriosclerosis DECREASES compliance

Front 27

What is pulse pressure?

Back 27

Pulse pressure =
Systolic - Diastolic

Front 28

What is compliance?

Back 28

Compliance =
Stroke volume/ pulse pressure

Front 29

What is flow?

Back 29

Flow =
Velocity x Cross sectional area

Front 30

Total flow is = to?

Back 30

Total flow = Cardiac output =
Heart rate x Stroke volume

Front 31

What is resistance?

Back 31

Resistance =
Pressure/ Flow

Front 32

Largest volume contained in which vessels?

Back 32

Small veins

Front 33

Smallest volume in which vessels?

Back 33

Arterioles

Front 34

Greatest velocity in which vessels?

Back 34

Aorta & large arteries

Front 35

Lowest velocity in which vessels?

Back 35

Capillaries

Front 36

Greatest pressure in which vessels?

Back 36

Aorta & large arteries

Front 37

Lowest pressure in which vessels?

Back 37

vena cava