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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the types of glands... |
endocrine
exocrine |
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endocrine glands are....
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ductless, hormone secreted directly into the bloodstream
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exocrine glands have....
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duct present, substance secreted into duct and emptied onto the free surface
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Types of hormones:
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lipid soluble
water soluble |
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lipid soluble
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able to freely fuse into the target cell...need assist to transport in bloodstream...binds to protein temporarily to make water soluble....does not like H20
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water soluble
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circulates freely in bloodstream, loves H20, difficult to cross into target cell membrane...requires second messenger to activate and change cell function
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Pituitary gland has 2 regions.
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anterior pituitary (glandular tissue)
posterior pituitary (nervous tissue) |
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The anterior pituitary is controlled by the....
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hypothalamus releasing and inhibiting hormone, which is transported to the anterior pituitary gland by portal veins
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Anterior pituitary hormones
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hGH
TSH ACTH FSH LH |
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hGH
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promotes growth
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TSH
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promotes release of thyroid hormones
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ACTH
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promotes release of glucocorticoids (cortisol)
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PRL
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stimulates production of milk in mature mammary glands
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FSH
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testes - stimulates sperm production
ovaries - stimulate estrogen production and egg development |
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LH
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testes - stimulate production of testosterone
ovaries - stimulates continued egg development adn estrogen adn progesterone production |
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Posterior pituitary
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two hormones produced by hypothalamus, transported to the posterior pituitary adn released by posterior pituitary
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Posterior pituitary hormones:
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ADH
OT |
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ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
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increase urinary retention of H20, may cause peripheral vasoconstruction in high doses causing elevated BP
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OT (oxytocin)
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increases strength of contraction, adn ejection of milk from mammary glands
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Thyroid Gland releases....
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T3
T4 CT |
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What is required for the production of T3/T4?
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iodide
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Which is the active form of thyroid hormone?
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T3 is the more active
T4 is the most produced |
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T3/T4
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increase metabolic rate, increases growth, required for correct development of fetal nervous system
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CT
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stimulates urinary loss of Ca
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Adrenal glands are composed of two regions....
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adrenal cortex
adrenal medulla |
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Adrenal gland hormones.
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aldosterone
cortisol androgens NE,E |
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Aldosterone
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increases urinary retention of Na (increase retention of H20), decreases urinary retention of K+
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Cortisol
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anti=inflammatory, stimulates glucose adn glycogen formation
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Androgens
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function is unknown
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NE,E
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increases and prolongs the fight or flight response, triggered by sympatheted NS
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pancreas have endocrine or exocrine function?
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both endocrine and exocrine
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Pancreas hormones
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insulin
glucagon GH-IH PP |
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Insulin
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triggered by high glucose levels in blood
increases glucose uptake by cells and synthesis of proteins adn triglycerides |
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Glucagon
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triggered by low blood glucose levels
increased breakdown of glycogen and triglycerides ( to elevate blood sugar levels) |
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GH-IH
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slows the rate of digestion
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PP
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inhibits gall bladder secretion, controls production of pancreatic enzymes
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kidneys secrete what 3 hormones?
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calciitriol
EPO renin |
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Calcitriol
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active form vit D
increases absorption of Ca adn urinary retention of Ca triggered by low Ca concentration in blood |
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EPO
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stimulates RBC production in red bone marrow
caused by low 02 levels in kidney (normally occurs at high altitudes) |
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Renin
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stimulates renin-angiotensin system which leads to incr BP
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