Frq Ch 23-24

Front 1

Winfield S. Hancock

Back 1

Democratic cand.
Civil war hero
lost to Garfield 1880

Front 2

Crime of '73

Back 2

convert to gold standard
caused price silver to go up
surplus of it in treasury

Front 3

j.p. morgan

Back 3

'bankers banker'
lended gov 65 mill. w/ commision, restored confidence nation. was secretive dealing with prez cleaveland
.financed railroads, insurance companies. forced to buy out carnegie

Front 4

resumption act

Back 4

1875, gov would withdraw paper money and redeem it in gold beginning in 1879

Front 5

charles guiteau

Back 5

insane office seeker shot prez garfield.
stalwart

Front 6

pendleton act

Back 6

1883, civil service reform
campaign money from federal employees illegal.
established civil service commission that appointed jobs on examinations

Front 7

bland allison act

Back 7

1878, for treasury to buy silver and put into circulation to inflate prices. replaced by sherman purchase act

Front 8

half breed

Back 8

opposed to conklingites.
led by james g. blaine from maine. didnt like spoils system

Front 9

tweed ring

Back 9

'boss' tweed, employed bribert, fraudlent election. stole 200 mill.

Front 10

chester arthur

Back 10

garfield vice prez, stalwart. prez when garfield shot. cold shoulder to previous stalwarts.

Front 11

adlai stevenson

Back 11

clevelands vice prez. supported 'soft money'

Front 12

jay gould

Back 12

planned to illegaly raise gol d price with jim fisk. worst among corrupt railroaders.

Front 13

gilded age

Back 13

little disagreement among political parties including tariff, civil service reform, currency. but still competitive. high voter turnouts 80%. rep. midwest and small town northwest-puritans, strict moral codes. dem.-south and northern industrial cities lutherans, catholics

Front 14

soft/cheap money

Back 14

support by democrat and greenback labor party formed 1878

Front 15

compromise of 1877

Back 15

democrats agreed hayes could take offic if removed troops from Louisiana and south carolina-signaled end of reconstruction. ended political standoff

Front 16

spoils system

Back 16

reformed by chester arthuur after garfield shot. reform by republicans. led to Pendleton Act 1883`

Front 17

Stalwart

Back 17

led by Roscoe Conkling, senator pro-spoils system also called Conklingites. opposed by half breeds.
garfields vice prez chester arthur was one until reforms

Front 18

'Redeemers'

Back 18

white Democrats who got back political power in South ex. sharecropping, jim crow laws

Front 19

crop-lien system

Back 19

storekeepers gave credit to small farmers for food/supplies and took lien(interest) of harvest. kept farmers (blacks) in perpetual debt

Front 20

william jennings bryan

Back 20

populist candidate 1896 (and rep. cand.)

Front 21

mckinley tariff

Back 21

1890 raised rates to highest peacetime level ever-about 48%. sponsored by republicans.farmers no choice but buy highpriced u.s. goods and try sell own goods in global market. hate for rep. caused them to lose majority in congress

Front 22

mugwumps

Back 22

1884. rep. who left to support democrats (grover cleveland) b/c didnt like cand. james blaine (bad letters he wrote) indian word 'better than you'

Front 23

billion dollar congress

Back 23

under rep harrison wanted surplus' via tariff. congress purchased silver, passed mckinley tariff.

Front 24

james blaine

Back 24

'halfbreed'. rep cand 1884 had everything needed but honest reputation (caused the mugwumps). only rep cand between 1868-1900 who didnt fight civil war

Front 25

credit mobilier

Back 25

scandal during Grant union pacific r.r. company hired themselves inflated prices earned over 300%. ppl got worried so sold stock to congressman. viceprez took payment

Front 26

contraction

Back 26

reducing the amount of paper money (greenbacks) in circulation. done under rep. grant and 'hardmoney policies'

Front 27

grand army of the republic

Back 27

where rep. got many votes. were organization of several hundred thousand civil war vets. gave dem. cleveland hard time by getting pension bills through congress

Front 28

people's party (populists)

Back 28

largely farmers wanted inflation through free silver, lowered income tax and gov. to own r.r., telephone etc. 1892 over million votes with general

Front 29

grandfather clause

Back 29

gave white men right to vote base on ancestors who voted earlier in 1860 so they didnt have to pass exams like blacks who werent able to vote in 1860

Front 30

thomas nast

Back 30

political cartoonist drew 'boss tweed'

Front 31

theodore dreiser

Back 31

novelist, 'sister carrie' about counrtygirl moves to city likes the glitz 'n glam; department stores etc.

Front 32

'new immigrant'

Back 32

italians, croats, greeks, poles. usually orthodox church, came from places with little democratic gov, illiterate, poor. sought industrial jobs rather than farming<--(earlier immigrants)

Front 33

'american fever'

Back 33

caused by 'american letters', abundance of food in u.s., no forced military service or religious persecution.

Front 34

'birds of passage'

Back 34

new immigrants who came too u.s. but went back (about 1/4) many single men no desire for u.s. citizenship

Front 35

unoffial 'gov's'

Back 35

ex. Boss Tweed. did much to get immigrant vote

Front 36

'social gospel'

Back 36

preached by walter rauschenbusch and washington gladden. thought socialism would benefit slums and world. used sermon on the mount 'science of society'

Front 37

jane addams

Back 37

devoted to uplifting urban masses.

Front 38

settlement house

Back 38

Hull House (jane addams) and others. helped immigrants cope, raise kids, speak english. also centers for womens activism and social reform (anti-sweat shop, child labor laws)<--leader was florence kelley

Front 39

american protecive association

Back 39

nativist group, didnt want people to elect catholics.

Front 40

salvation army

Back 40

religion.came from england. appealed to poor, gave out soup.

Front 41

christian science

Back 41

founded by mary baker eddy. said true practice of christianity heals sickness.

Front 42

YMCA

Back 42

grew alot. did phusical and other kinds of education with religious instruction, in most u.s. cities.

Front 43

chautauqua movement

Back 43

public lectures, new york. and at home courses

Front 44

booker t. washington

Back 44

exslave taught blacks

Front 45

talented tenth

Back 45

used by web dubois. part of black community who he thought be given access to'american life'

Front 46

web dubois

Back 46

disagreed with other blacks (booker t.) wantedblacks have complete equality

Front 47

Morril and Hatch acts

Back 47

M.(1862) gave $ for public land to support schools. 'land grant colleges'
hatch act federal funds for agricultural experiments (in ccolleges)

Front 48

Sensationalism

Back 48

used by Pulitzer and will hearst. p. 'yellow kid'(lurid) stories of sex scandal etc. 'yellow journalism'

Front 49

kate chopin

Back 49

wrote about adultery, suicide, and womens ambitions in the awakening.

Front 50

comstock law

Back 50

illegal to send obscene stuff through mail named after anthony comstock who fought for morality.

Front 51

'new morality'

Back 51

caused by women getting independece through jobs. led to sexual freedom, divorces, practice of birth control etc.

Front 52

18th amendment

Back 52

prohibition 1919

Front 53

oliver howard

Back 53

friendly union general in charge of freedmens bureau

Front 54

andrew johnson

Back 54

uneducated, like lincoln but ranked as one of the worst. didnt want to emancipate slaves, allowed south to set up 'codes. fired secretaary of war (violating 'tenure of office act') and was almost impeached. he would veto most of bills that congress made but his veto would be overrided.

Front 55

alexander stephens

Back 55

after civil war ex-vice prez of confederacy part of congress. republicans in congress mad when these former rebels resumed spots in congress-especially stephens who was on indictment for treason

Front 56

charles sumner

Back 56

leader of radical republicans wanted black freedom/racial equality during reconstruction

Front 57

thaddeus stevens

Back 57

most radical republican/devotion towards blacks. leading figure in joint (house/senate) committee on reconstruction. wanted drastic economic reforms and political rights but never enacted

Front 58

william seward

Back 58

secretary state under johnson. expansionist got alaska from russia for 7.2 million. was critized because alaska thought of as icebox. but he saw profit in it (fur, fish etc

Front 59

ulysses s. grant

Back 59

'bloody shirt' recieved war gifts (house). rep. 1868. era of good stealings (credit mobilier scandal. reelected 1872 (panic '73) pro hard money (resumption act 1875). was going to run for 3rd term. benefitted during 2nd term election b/c of cartoonist nast ('swallow')

Front 60

horatio seymour

Back 60

democratic cand. 1868. supported 'ohio idea' (would redeem greenbacks)

Front 61

jim fisk

Back 61

along with jay gould tried to illegally raise price of gold. during grant (era of good stealings)

Front 62

horace greeley

Back 62

both liberal republican and democratic cand. same time 1872 lost to grant. also unqualified. 'slashing journalist'

Front 63

roscoe conkling

Back 63

stalwart. senator loved spoils system. republican

Front 64

rutherford hayes

Back 64

after grant. rep. chose b/c obscure 'the great unknown'. (hayes tilden deal) with his win rep. party abandoned hope of racial equality (troops removed)

Front 65

samuel tilden

Back 65

democratic against hayes. popular because prosecuted boss tweed scandal sent him to jail

Front 66

james garfield

Back 66

republican 'dark horse' (no one knew him) from ohio (important swing state) another bloody shirt. assasinated. death made changes/reforms happen

Front 67

grover cleveland

Back 67

democrat 1885. vetoed bill to give farmers seeds (drought). fought for lower tariff. depression during 2nd (nonconsecutive) term. irony:1st term had surplus now deficit. 65 mill bond deal with jp morgan

Front 68

pork barrel bills

Back 68

during cleveland,bills that would waste treasury surplus such as military pension he didnt like

Front 69

whisky ring

Back 69

another scandal during grant administration it robbed treasury of millions in excise tax revenue

Front 70

plessy v. ferguson

Back 70

supreme court said that 'seperate but equal' facilities were constitutional even though segregated places (schools etc.) for blacks were far inferior

Front 71

jim crow laws

Back 71

literacy requirements, voter registration laws poll taxes etc

Front 72

u.s. v. wong kim

Back 72

exclusionsits (antichinese) tried ban citizenship on some chinese born in u.s. but under 14th amendment guaranteed it. 'doctrine of 'birthright citizenship'

Front 73

rum, romanism and rebellion

Back 73

a republican said this about the democratic party pat actually hurt rep. party because lots of democrats (irish) in ny which cleveland(democrat) won giving him presidency

Front 74

exoduster

Back 74

blacks that moved west, stopped only when people wouldnt take across mississippi

Front 75

wade davis bill

Back 75

by republican congress vetoed by lincoln said 50% of states votes needed oath of allegiance to union. lincolns (10%) plan faster

Front 76

moderate/radical rep.

Back 76

1st disagreement was wade davis bill. radicals wanted south to be punished moderate (lincoln wanted them back into union fast

Front 77

civil rights act

Back 77

1875, last move by radical republicans said racial discrimination illegal but not enforced

Front 78

14th amendment

Back 78

equal protection all citizens

Front 79

swing around the circle

Back 79

andrew johnson's failed campaign speeches about his mild reconstruction policies, people thought he was drunk, lost votes.

Front 80

ex parte milligan

Back 80

1866, peacetime military rule, said military tribunals couldnt try civilians even during wartime, seemed contrary to const.

Front 81

15 amendment

Back 81

right to vote regardless of race

Front 82

force acts

Back 82

aimed to limit power of kkk so blacks could vote without being threatened etc.

Front 83

gompers

Back 83

fought for labor improvements, opposed socialism

Front 84

william sumner

Back 84

social darwinist,pro laissez faire (hands off)

Front 85

russell conwell

Back 85

'acres of diamonds' speech, socail darwinist minister.

Front 86

vertical integration

Back 86

carnegie steel industry controlling all aspects of manufcaturing

Front 87

horizontal integration

Back 87

rockefeller used it (oil) monopolizing basicallly

Front 88

interlocking directorates

Back 88

used by morgan get rid of competition by placing own employees on boards of other companies

Front 89

plutocracy

Back 89

rule by wealthy

Front 90

injunction

Back 90

used by corporations that got the court to stop strikes by force if necessary

Front 91

trust busting

Back 91

used by mcklinley to try break up monopolise (carnegie, rockefeller, schwabb)

Front 92

company town

Back 92

an entire town owned by a company (Pullman car company) ppl forced to live their even though they can probably live somewhere else cheaper

Front 93

pragmatism

Back 93

using darwin like ideas but applying them to other fields like philosophy etc., dewey, james, peirce

Front 94

richardsonian

Back 94

type of architexture romantisque..

Front 95

sioux wars

Back 95

first in fort laramie wyoming, 29 indians killed called grattan massacre. then indians got revenge nebraska

Front 96

dawes act

Back 96

gave land to native americans in oklahoma

Front 97

dingley act

Back 97

raised tariff support by mckinley

Front 98

wabash case

Back 98

said states cant regulate interastate commerce created commision to do that

Front 99

safety valve theory

Back 99

reason why homestead act created thought was by giving free land reduce unemployment

Front 100

gold bugs

Back 100

mckinley supporters would wear gold to support his polices.

Front 101

interstate commerce act

Back 101

rates had to be 'just', rates needed to be published, secret rebates outlawed, price discrimination illegal.