Frontal Region And Face

Front 1

point of juncture where two nasal bones meet frontal bones

Back 1

nasion

Front 2

supraorbital foramen: where is it located?

Back 2

above eyes

Front 3

opening into the nose that cartilage usually is

Back 3

anterior nasal choanae

Front 4

intermaxillary suture: where is it?

Back 4

mid of face where maxilla meet

Front 5

What bone is the infraorbital foramen found in?

Back 5

maxilla (as opposed to the supraorbital foramen which is found in the frontal bone)

Front 6

From medial to lateral, what are the parts of the alveolar process?

Back 6

Intermaxillary suture; incisive fossa; canine eminence; canine fossa

Front 7

What is found directly superior to the canine fossa?

Back 7

Infraorbital foramen

Front 8

What is the function of the frontal portion of the occipitofrontalis muscle?

Back 8

Elevates eyebrows in surprise

Front 9

3 parts of the orbicularis oculi

Back 9

1) Lacrimal
2) Palpebral
3) Orbital

Front 10

What is the function of the lacrimal part of the orbicularis oculi?

Back 10

Squeezes tears into nasolacrimal duct.

Very small, only in medial part

Front 11

What is the function of the palpebral part of the orbicularis oculi?

Back 11

Confined to lids proper, <b>blinks the eyes</b>

Front 12

What is the function of the orbital part of the orbicularis oculi?

Back 12

Closes eyes tightly/squinting

Front 13

What is the function of the orbicularis oris?

Back 13

Surrounds the mouth.

It closes the mouth and puckers the lips.

Front 14

What does the buccinator m. do?

Back 14

Compresses the cheeks, (used in trumpet playing) extends from pterygomandibular raphe and helps form orbicularis orbis

Front 15

What cranial nerve innervates facial expression muscles?

Back 15

cranial nerve VII, the facial nerve! (various branches of it)

Front 16

What is the pathway of the Cranial Nerve VII (facial) after it exits the stylomastoid foramen?

Back 16

It emanates from the parotid gland.

5 parts after it gets out of gland:

1) Temporal (superior)
2) Zygomatic (anterior)
3) Buccal (infero-anterior)
4) Mandibular (inferior)
5) Cervical (inferior)

Front 17

What does the temporal branch of the facial nerve/CN VII innervate?

Back 17

Extends superiorly and innervates the frontalis (forehead muscle)

Front 18

What does the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve/CN VII innervate?

Back 18

Extends anteriorly, innervates orbicularis oculi

Front 19

What does the buccal branch of the facial nerve/CN VII innervate?

Back 19

most of the muscles on side of face, including part of orbicular oculi

Front 20

What is the MOTOR nerve to muscles of facial expression?

Back 20

Facial nerve/CN VII

Front 21

What does the mandibular branch of the facial nerve/CN VII innervate?

Back 21

Mainly to lower lip (Orbicular oris (lower part))

Front 22

What does the cervical branch of the facial nerve/CN VII innervate?

Back 22

Goes inferior, innervates platysma muscle

Front 23

What nerve does the SENSORY innervation of the face

Back 23

Primarily Trigeminal (CN V)

Front 24

What nerve does the MOTOR innervation of muscles of mastication?

Back 24

Trigeminal (CN V)

Front 25

Three major divisions of Trigeminal (CN V)

Back 25

1) Ophthalmic
2) Maxillary
3) Mandibular

(Remember this by the holes in the skull)

Front 26

Where does the supraorbital nerve come from and go?

Back 26

Comes from Trigeminal/CN V --> Ophthalmic division --> supraorbital nerve

Goes thru supraorbital foramen (or notch) and extends superiorly on forehead to scalp all the way to skull vertex

Front 27

Where does the infraorbital nerve come from and go?

Back 27

Comes from Trigeminal/CN V --> Maxilla division --> infraorbital foramen.

Gives sensation to middle of face below orbit, extends to nose.

Front 28

Where does the mandibular nerve come from and go?

Back 28

Comes from Trigeminal/CN V --> mental foramen --> Auriculotemporal nerve AND inferior alveolar nerve --> mental foramen

Front 29

Where does the facial artery come from and go?

Back 29

It's a branch of the external carotid a. in neck. Crosses over submandibular salivary gland and may pass thru. Crosses mandible and runs to medial canthus of eye by a tortuous course.

Front 30

Why is the facial a. so tortuous?

Back 30

Allows for facial expression/movement

Front 31

What are the branches of the facial a.?

Back 31

1) Submental
2) Inferior labial
3) Superior labial

Front 32

What are the terminal branches of the external carotid a?

Back 32

Superficial temporal a., and maxillary a.

Front 33

Where does the transverse facial artery come from/go?

Back 33

External carotid --> Superficial temporal --> transverse facial

Usually the transverse facial a. traverses face superior to parotid duct

Front 34

What is the largest salivary gland? Where is it located?

Back 34

Parotid

Found anterior to ear on lateral face

Front 35

What muscles does the parotid duct pierce?

Back 35

Buccinator

Front 36

After exiting the stylomastoid foramen, what does the facial nerve go through and branch out of?

Back 36

The parotid gland. Caused problems during surgery of it.

Front 37

What is Bell's palsy?

Back 37

Idiopathic disruption of the facial nerve (CN VII).

Unilateral facial paralysis, usually clears up in 90% of cases within a month