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69 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Paired Bones
Zygomatic bone
Parietal Bone
Temporal Bone
Nasal Bone
Maxillary
Unpaired Bones
Mandible
Occipital bone
Sphenoid Bone
Frontal Bone
Ethmoid
facial nerve is what cranial nerve
7 (VII)
trigeminal nerve is what cranial nerve
5 (V)
What two muscles make up occipitofrontalis?
frontalis and occipitalis
Where is the frontalis muscle located?
above the eyebrows
what does the frontalis muscle do?
elevates the eyebrows
where is the occipitalis portion of occipitofrontalis?
back of the neck
what does the occipitalis portion of occipitofrontalis do?
wrinkles the nape of neck, few have voluntary control
what are the three parts of orbicularis oculi?
lacrimal
palepebral
orbital
what is the function of the lacrimal part of orbicularis oculi?
squeeze tears into nasolacrimal duct
what is the function of the palpebral part of orbicularis oculi?
blinks the eye
where is the lacrimal part of orbicularis oculi located?
on the median aspect of the lids
where is the palpebral part of the orbicularis oculi located?
on the eyelids proper
where is the orbital portion of the orbicularis oculi located?
on the outside edges of the eye
what is the function of the orbital part of orbicularis oculi?
closes the eyes tightly/squinting
what is the name for the muscles that surrond the mouth in a circle versus the muscles that surrond the eye in a circle
mouth - orbicularis oris
eye - orbicularis oculi
what does the orbicularis oris muscle do?
-closes the mouth
-puckers the lips
which of the two orbicularis muscles has various subparts?
orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris is just one muscle
what is the origin and insertion of buccinator?
origin: pterygomandibular raphe
insertion: orbicularis oris
what is the function of buccinator?
keeps food in the oral cavity
keeps food out of oral vestibule
what is the function of zygomaticus major?
broad smile
what are the origins and insertion of the zygomaticus major muscle?
corner of the mouth to the zygoma bone
Name the muscles of the mouth lateral to medial? (superior and not orbicularis)
Zygomaticus
Levator anguli oris
Levator labii superioris
Name the muscles of the mouth lateral to medial? (inferior and not orbicularis?)
No Zygomaticus
Depressor anguli oris
Depressor labii inferioris
What is the pathway of the facial nerve?
Internal acoustic meatus --> three foramina in temporal bone --> stylomastoid foramen --> parotid gland --> final destinations
Where do the motor branches of the facial nerve exit the skull?
the stylomastoid foramen
What are the five branches of the facial nerve?
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
What is the mneumonic for remembering the five branches of the facial nerves?
To Zanzibar By Motor Car
Where does the temporal branch of the facial nerve go (generally and specifically)?
Generally - forehead area
Frontalis of occipitofrontalis
Where does the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve go?
orbicularis oculi
Where does the buccal branch of the facial nerve go?
orbicularis oris and facial nerves of the side of the face
Where does the mandibular branch of the facial nerve go?
lower part of orbicularis oris
What is another name for the mandibular branch of the facial nerve?
marginal mandibular branch
Where does the cervical branch of the facial nerve go?
To innervate platysma
Which is the largest of the cranial nerves?
trigeminal nerve
What are the functions of the trigeminal nerve (7)?
(1) sensory innervation of the face
(2) sensory of the cranial dura
(3) sensory of internal structures in oral cavity
(4) sensory for internal structures of the nasal cavity
(5) sensory for bony air sinuses
(6) sensory for a portion of the pharynx
(7) motor for muscles of mastication
What are the muscles of mastication? What innervates them?
The muscles of mastication are masseter and temporalis. They are innervated by the Trigeminal nerve (5)
What are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve?
(1)opthalmic
(2) maxillary
(3) mandibular
What nerve comes from each division of the trigeminal nerve?
Opthalmic - supraorbital
maxillar - infraorbital
Mandibular - mental and auriculotemporal
What is the sensory innervation of the face?
eyes, scalp, forehead and middle of nose - Opthalmic/Supraorbital
Eyelids and temporal region, top lip, cheeks - Maxillary/Infraorbital
Chinstrap, lower lip - Mandibular/mental
Anterior ear - great auricular
anterior neck/lateral chin - transverse cervical
What does the auriculotemporal nerve innervate?
front of ear to lateral temporal region
Which of the trigeminal nerve divisions has two subnerves/branches that we study?
Mandibular which has mental and auriculotemporal
Does the cervical plexus provide sensory or motor innervation to the face?
Sensory innervation
What are the two nerves that innervate the face that come from the cervical plexus?
(1) Transverse cervical nerve
(2) Great auricular nerve
What does transverse cervical innervate?
(1) Anterior neck
(2) Lateral chin
What does great auricular nerve innervate?
anterior ear
What is the path of the facial artery?
branches off external carotid --> go over/through submandibular salivary gland --> crosses mandible --> appears on face halfway from midline ---> goes to medial canthus of the eye --> branches
what are the branches of the facial artery?
Submental
Superior Labial
Inferior Labial
What does the submental artery vascularize?
Chin and submental region
What are the four branches of the external carotid that we know of?
Lingual
Facial
Maxillar
Superficial Temporal
What does the superior and inferior labial arteries vascularize?
upper lip and lower lip
Which of the labial arteries goes into the nostril and nasal cavity?
superior labial
Where does the transverse facial artery come from and where does it go?
Transverse facial comes from superficial temporal and it goes superior to the parotid duct
What is the supraorbital artery a branch of??
The opthalamic artery
What path does the opthalmic artery take?
follows the nerves from the supraorbital nerve (VI)
Which is the largest of the salivary glands?
the parotid gland
Where is the parotid gland located?
anterior ear on lateral side of face
where do the secretions of the parotid gland go?
oral vestibule via partoid duct
What is the path of the parotid duct?
Exit parotid gland --> runs on side of buccinator --> pierces buccinator --> enters mouth opposite second molar tooth
What is another name for the bucchal branch of the trigeminal nerve?
Long bucchal nerve
What is important to note about the bucchal nerve?
(1) there are two bucchal nerves - one that is a branch of trigeminal and one that is a branch of facial
(2) The bucchal nerve of the facial runs lateral to the buccinator muscle
Which nerve provides motor innervation to the buccinator?
Bucchal nerve of the facial nerve
Which nerve in specific innervates the muscles of mastication?
Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (3rd division)
What is the biggest hole in the normal frontalis?
infraorbital foramen
What muscles attach to the mastoid process?
Splenius capitus
Longissimus capitus
Sternocleomastoid
What is Bell's Palsy?
Paralysis of the facial nerve. patient is unable to close eyes - they dry up etc
What is a mneumonic for the spinal nerves?
OLd
OPrah's
OCcupation:
TROpical
TRIps
ABoard
FAmous
VESsels,
GLamorous
VAcations,
ACCumulating
HYPe
What are the cranial nerves?
1- Old - Olfactory
2- Oprahs - Optic
3- Occupation - Oculomotor
4- TROpical - Trochclear
5- TRIps - Trigeminal
6- ABoard - Abducens
7- FAmous - Facial
8- VESsels - Vestibulocochlear nerve/Auditory nerve
9 - GLamorous - Glossopharnygeal
10 - Vacations - Vagus
11 - ACCumulating - Spinal Accessory/Accessory
12- HYPe - Hypoglossal