Frequency Distributions

Front 1

*Frequency Distribution

Back 1

an organized tabulation (table or graph)of the number of individuals located in each category on the scale measurement. (a regular frequency distribution contains all the possible values of X and is usually arrnged from highest (top) to lowest (bottom).

Front 2

Grouped Frequency Distribution

Back 2

scores are groped into intervals rather than listed as individual values.

Front 3

Range

Back 3

the difference between the highest and lowest scores.

Front 4

Class Interval

Back 4

a group of scores in a grouped frequency distribution.

Front 5

Aparent Limits

Back 5

the score values that appear as the lowest and highest score in an interval

Front 6

Histogram

Back 6

a graph showing a bar above each score or interval so that the (height/vertical) of the bar corresponds to the (frequency) and the (width/horizontal) extends to the real limits (values of the variable)
*used for ordinal. interval, or ratio data
*looks like bar graphs but the bars touch each other

Front 7

Modified Histogram

Back 7

consists of stacks of blocks with each block representing one interval

Front 8

Bar Graph

Back 8

height of bar correspondes with frequency (space left between bars)

Front 9

Polygon

Back 9

a graph that consisted of lines that connest a series of dots that are placed above each interval so the height of the dot correspondes with frequency

Front 10

Relative Frequency (proportion,p)

Back 10

frequency reported in terms of the total number of scores.

Front 11

Relative Frequency Distribution

Back 11

displays the proportional (not exact) relationship of X values.

Front 12

Symmetrical Distribution

Back 12

the left-handed side is a mirror image of the right-handed side

Front 13

Skewed Distribution

Back 13

the scores tend to pile up toward one end of the scale and taper off gradually at the other end

Front 14

Positively Skewed Distribution

Back 14

the scores pile up on the left side and taper off to the right.

Front 15

Negatively Skewed Distribution

Back 15

the scores pile up on the right side and taper off to the left

Front 16

Tail(s) of distribution

Back 16

a section on either side of a distribution where the frequency tapers down toward zero as the X values become more extreme

Front 17

Percentile

Back 17

a (score) that is described in terms of its percentile rank

Front 18

Percentile Rank

Back 18

a (percentage of individuals) with scores at or below the specific score

Front 19

Cumulative Frequency (cf)

Back 19

the (frequency of individuals) with scores at or below a specific score

Front 20

Cumulative Percentage (c%)

Back 20

the (percentage of individuals) with scores at or below a (particular point of distribution)

Front 21

Interpolation

Back 21

a mathematical procedure for (estimating a value) that is located (between two know values)

Front 22

Stem and Leaf Display

Back 22

a technique for (presenting a complete distribution of scores) in an (organized display) similar to a grouped frequency distribution table

Front 23

Nominal and ordinal data are displayed using _________ not __________.

Back 23

Bar graphs not Histograms

Front 24

Central Tendency

Back 24

a statistical measure where a single score defines the center of a distribution

Front 25

Mean

Back 25

the sum of the scores in a distribution divided by the number of scores

Front 26

Weighted Mean

Back 26

the sum of all the scores in more than one distribution divided by the TOTAL number if scores in the distribution

Front 27

Median

Back 27

the value that divides a distribution of scores exactly in half

Front 28

Mode

Back 28

1.the score or catagory that had the greatest frequency
2.the scores that have distinctly higher frequences

Front 29

Major Mode

Back 29

a score or category that has the absolute highest frequency

Front 30

Minor Mode

Back 30

a score or category that has a relatively high frequency

Front 31

Bimodal Distribution

Back 31

a distribution with two modes

Front 32

Multimodal Distribution

Back 32

a distribution with multiple modes

Front 33

Symmetrical Distribution

Back 33

a distribution where a graph of the distribution has a right-handed side that is a mirror image of the left-handed side

Front 34

Skewed Distribution

Back 34

a distribution where a graph of the distribution is not symmetrical

Front 35

Positive Skew

Back 35

a distribution where the graph of the distribution has a tail on the right side(+)

Front 36

Negative Skew

Back 36

a distribution where the graph of the distribution has a tail on the left side
(-)