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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Ohio Country
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The land that became our state; includes parts of Indiana, West Virginia and Pennsylvania
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New France
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The lands in N America claimed by Jacques Cartier for the French King. (1535) near the mouth of the St. Lawrence River.
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Rene Robert Cavelier, Sieu de la Salle
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Ran a trading post in New France; He discovered the "Beautiful River" (Ohio River)This brought many traders and trappers to Ohio Country
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Colony
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a place ruled by a distant country
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Celeron de Blainville
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Went to Ohio Country in 1749 to get the British to leave; he buried a lead plate at the mouth of each river saying the Ohio Country belonged to France
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Christophe Gist
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Sent by British business people to survey (measure) the land; they planned to sell land in the Ohio Country to Colonists
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George Croghan
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Owned the largest British trading post in the Ohio Country
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The Road to War
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1752- French attacked Pickawillany, forced British traders to leave and began to build forts along Ohio River
1753 - Robert Dinwiddie order G. Washington to protect trading post in Pittsburgh, built Ft. Duquesne |
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Fort Necessity
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fort built at G. Washington's orders to protect the British; wasn't strong enough
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What the British and French wanted
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British - to settle on the land forcing the Native Am. out
French - wanted to build trade in Ohio Country |
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French and Indian War
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French and Native Americans fought against the British; "the seven years war"; fought in both Europe and N. America.
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ally
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person or country that joins with another for a common purpose
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treaty
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an agreement between two countries to end the war; French and Indian War ended in 1763.
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Treaty Of Paris
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ended French and Indian War; French gave all land in N. America to the British - all of Canada as well as land east of the Mississippi River
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Pontiac
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Native American leader - Ottawa; began a war against the British; they finally gave up
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Henry Bouquet
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British soldier sent to protect forts against Ottawa and other tribes
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frontier
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the area near the edge of settlements
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proclamation
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law
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1763 Proclamation
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British set up Appalachian Mountains as a dividing line; American Colonists couldn't move west of the mountains
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squatters
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people who settled on land w/out permission
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Logan
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a Mingo leader- his family was murdered by colonists; "Logan's Lament"
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Declaration of Independence
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written in 1776; declared the colonists decision to be independent of British rule
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tax
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money people pay to the government so it can perform public services
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American Revolution
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war fought with American colonies to end British rule
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Cornstalk
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agreed to fight against the American colonists of the Northwest (the land just west of the Appalachian!)
Killed in 1777 by American colonists |
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Fort Laurens
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built by Americans along the Tuscarawas River - only fort built in Ohio during the American Revolution.
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Simon Kenton
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skilled tracker who supplied food to the Ohioans during long winter months; sometimes acted as a spy
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Ann Bailey
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a squatter who acted as a scout and spy
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George Rogers Clark
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led colonial soldiers through Ohio; attacked British posts in Illinois and Indiana; defeated the British
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mission
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a religious settlement
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Year of Blood
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1782 - worst year of war in Ohio
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Gnadenhutten
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tents of grace; built by Moravian Germans; they taught Delawares it was wrong to fight; Delawares refused to fight in Am. Revolution; angry Americans killed 96 of them
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William Crawford; David Williamson
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led the attack on Gnadenhutten; Crawford escaped but was later tortured to death by the Native Americans
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Articles of Confederation
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1777; written as a basis for setting up their own government; took 4 years to approve the articles
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Land Ordinance of 1785
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Land was to be divided in to 6 mile squares called townships (Ohio 1st) Each townships had 36 small squares called sections (1 mile long/640 acres); sold for $1/acre
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Northwest Ordinance
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1787 - passed by Congress
gave the region a name - the Northwest Territory; set up the government |
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Northwest Ordinance 3 step plan to statehood
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1. Choose leaders - governor, secretary and 3 judges
2. After 5000 white males settled they would vote for legislature 3. 60,000 people could write constitution and ask to be a state *Ohio 1st state from NW Territory |
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Arthur St. Clair
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First Governor of Northwest Territory
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trial by jury
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the right for a person accused of a crime to be judged by people in the community
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slavery
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forbidden in the Northwest Ordinance
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Danielle Boone
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Scout who helped mark the Wilderness road through the Appalachian Mountains
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pioneers
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are people who settle on land that is new to them
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flatboats
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wooden rafts with low sides steered down the river with long wooden oars
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Josiah Harmar
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1785 - he and his soldiers forced the squatters to leave
Built a fort (Ft. Harmar) at the mouth of Muskingum River where it flows into Ohio River |
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Rufus Putnum & Benjamin Tupper & Manasseh Cutler
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formed the Ohio Company -- planned to buy land from the government and sell it to others; Cutler persuaded the government to sell them 1,500,000 acres of land in what is now SE Ohio
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Marietta
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Ohio Company's first settlement; named after French Queen Marie Antoinette; First permanant European American settlement in the NW Territory and first in what is now Ohio; build Fort Martius at the center of settlement to protect against raids from Native Americans
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Cleve Symmes
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1787 - bought the land between the Little Miami and Great Miami RIvers; Called the Symmes Purchase; Benjamin Stiles bought first land and set up Columbia at the mouth of the Little Miami River
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Losantiville
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2nd settlement in the Symmes Purchase
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Fort Washington
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built by settlers of both Columbia and Losantiville (changed it's name to Cincinnati)
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Connecticut Land Company
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Moses Cleaveland - led group to survey land; settled along Cuyahoga River -- it's now Cleveland; grew slowly but is now a big city
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Clearing the Land
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much of land was covered by forest; settlers cleared away land and cut down trees, burned logs or hauled them away
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Providing Food
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Settlers brought seeds with them for fist planting; crop was usually corn; was made into food and fed to livestock; some saved for next year's crop; other food - hunting, berries, fruits; plants are used as medicine since there were few doctors
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